ArticleInternal medicine journal2025
Impact of sulfonamide allergy label on clinical outcomes of acute cystitis: a retrospective matched cohort study.
Article in Internal medicine journal, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundCystitis is a common infection in an otherwise healthy individual. Sulfonamide antibiotics are first-line treatment options. Sulfonamide allergy label (SAL) is the second most common antibiotic allergy label in electronic health records, yet its impact on clinical outcomes in patients with cystitis is not well-characterised.
aimsThe aim of this study is to characterise the impact of SAL on clinical outcomes of acute cystitis.
methodsIn this retrospective matched cohort study utilising the TriNetX US Collaborative Network (Cambridge, MA, USA), adult patients with cystitis were categorised based on their SAL status. The 28-day risks of acute pyelonephritis and Clostridium difficile infection and the risk of recurrent or relapsed cystitis (defined as cystitis 15-28 days post-indexed cystitis) were contrasted. Antibiotic prescription practices within 14 days of the index cystitis were also compared.
resultsWhen comparing 19 767 patients with cystitis and SAL to an equal number of matched controls, more patients with SAL had acute pyelonephritis (RR 1.27; 95% CI 1.08-1.48; P = 0.003; corrected P = 0.027) within 28 days of index. More patients with SAL developed recurrent/relapsed cystitis 15-28 days post-indexed cystitis (RR 1.19; 95% CI 1.08-1.31; P = 0.001; corrected P = 0.009) as compared to controls. SAL altered antibiotic prescription practices with under-utilisation of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole and increased utilisation of alternative antibiotics, including fluoroquinolones and nitrofurantoin, which was associated with an increased risk of Clostridium difficile infection.
conclusionsSAL alters antibiotic prescription practices and is associated with a slightly increased risk of poor outcomes in adult patients with cystitis.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.