ReviewVeterinary research2025
Foot-and-mouth disease: genomic and proteomic structure, antigenic sites, serotype relationships, immune evasion, recent vaccine development strategies, and future perspectives.
Review in Veterinary research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of the effectiveness of polypeptide, virus-like particles, and viral vector vaccines for foot-and-mouth disease (2020-2025).Scientific reports · 2025Pooled it
- Article
- Intradermal Vaccination Induces Protective Immunity Against Foot-and-Mouth Disease While Mitigating Milk Yield Reduction in Ruminants.Vaccines · 2026Article
- Serosurveillance of Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) in cattle, buffalo and goat population in Union Territory of Puducherry, India.Tropical animal health and production · 2026Article
- Immunoinformatics-based design of artificial chimeric proteins as universal vaccine candidates against foot-and-mouth disease virus serotypes A, O, and SAT2.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Foot-and-mouth disease virus-like particle mRNA vaccine induces strong humoral and cellular immunity.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2026Article
- Integrated molecular, immunoinformatic, and structural analysis reveals emerging antigenic divergence of Foot-and-mouth disease virus serotype O during the 2022-2023 outbreaks in Indonesia.Veterinary world · 2026Article
- Molecular characterization and vaccine matching of foot-and-mouth disease virus in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.Molecular biology reports · 2026Article
- Adaptive Evolution of Serotype O Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Under Vaccine Pressure: Combined VP1 T142/Q153 Mutations Drive Antigenic Alteration and Immune Evasion.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2026Article
- Molecular Evolution and Epidemiological Dynamics of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus O/ME-SA/Ind-2001e Circulating in East Java, Indonesia, in 2022-2025.Veterinary medicine international · 2026Article
- Review
- Phylogenetic and evolutionary analysis of VP1 coding sequences of foot-and-mouth disease virus serotypes A, O, and SAT2 in Egypt.Virology journal · 2025Article
- Recombination hotspots and genetic variability in foot-and-mouth disease virus genomes: a comparative genomic and phylogeographic analysis.Archives of virology · 2025Article
- VP1 region-based molecular characterization of foot-and-mouth disease virus serotype O from clinical cases in Haryana, India.BMC veterinary research · 2025Article
- Foot-and-mouth disease virus vaccine with VP1 G-H loop substitution of the Cathay strain broadens antigen spectrum.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2025Article
- Assessment of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Trends in Türkiye Between 2005 and 2025.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2025Article
- Plant-Based Recombinant Vaccines for Foot-and-Mouth Disease: A Meta-Synthesis.Avicenna journal of medical biotechnologyArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious and transmissible disease that can have significant economic and trade repercussions during outbreaks. In Egypt, despite efforts to mitigate FMD through mandatory immunization, the disease continues to pose a threat due to the high genetic variability and quasi-species nature of the FMD virus (FMDV). Vaccines have been crucial in preventing and managing FMD, and ongoing research focusses on developing next-generation vaccines that could provide universal protection against all FMDV serotypes. This review thoroughly examines the genetic structure of FMDV, including its polyprotein cleavage process and the roles of its structural and non-structural proteins in immune evasion. Additionally, it explores topics such as antigenic sites, specific mutations, and serotype relationships from Egypt and Ethiopia, as well as the structural changes in FMDV serotypes for vaccine development. The review also addresses the challenges associated with creating effective vaccines for controlling FMD, particularly focusing on the epitope-based vaccine. Overall, this review offers valuable insights for researchers seeking to develop effective strategies and vaccines for controlling FMD.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.