ArticleInfluenza and other respiratory viruses2025
Excess Respiratory Hospitalisations Associated with Influenza, Respiratory Syncytial Virus and SARS-CoV-2 in Singapore from 2015 to 2023.
Article in Influenza and other respiratory viruses, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Vertical Vaccination Against Infant Influenza Hospitalization in a Tropical Setting.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection in Older Adults in Asia: A Modified Delphi Expert Consensus on Surveillance, Diagnosis, and Prevention.Pulmonary therapy · 2025Article
- Increase in Antibiotic Utilisation in Primary Care Post COVID-19 Pandemic.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe patterns of circulation and burden of influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in Singapore are affected by the COVID-19 pandemic containment measures. These patterns in relation to SARS-CoV-2 in a post-pandemic era are unclear.
methodsUsing data from 2015 to 2023, we estimated excess influenza-, RSV- and SARS-CoV-2-associated hospitalisation in Singapore, adjusted for rhinovirus/enterovirus activity in generalised additive models. The data include pneumonia and influenza (P&I) hospitalisation from a national inpatient database and a community-wide acute respiratory infection (ARI) sentinel surveillance programme, stratified by age groups.
resultsAcross all age groups, the proportion of hospitalisation associated with influenza, SARS-CoV-2 and RSV was 13.2% (95% CI 5.0%-21.6%), 19.3% (95% CI 13.8%-25.0%) and 4.0% (95% CI 0.9%-12.1%) in 2023, respectively. From 2019 to 2023, all-age influenza-associated hospitalisation declined from 264.4 per 100,000 person-years (95% CI 214.2-313.2) to 203.7 per 100,000 person-years (95% CI 76.8-333.6). In contrast, all-age RSV-associated hospitalisation after the pandemic was 62.2 per 100,000 person-years (95% CI 13.8-186.9), similar to pre-pandemic observations. Peak seasonal influenza occurred 3-8 weeks later as compared with the time of pre-pandemic peak influenza activity.
conclusionThe overall burden of influenza has declined after the COVID-19 pandemic and its burden is comparable with SARS-CoV-2. Furthermore, shifts in the timing of peak influenza activity suggest a potential need to review the timing of vaccine recommendations in Singapore.
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