ArticleFrontiers in medicine2025
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease across three decades: trends, inequalities, and projections from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.
Article in Frontiers in medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Association between serum uric acid levels and COPD: a meta-analysis and mendelian randomization study.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Comparative efficacy of single exercise interventions on pulmonary function and quality of life in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Comparative efficacy of different traditional mind-body exercises in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Pooled it
- COPD burden trends in China and G20 countries from GBD 2023 and Mendelian randomization.iScience · 2026Article
- Article
- Association of Short-Term Pollen Exposure With Lung Function in COPD Patients.Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (Miami, Fla.) · 2026Article
- Development and validation of a disease-syndrome integrated assessment model for AECOPD severity: protocol for a nationwide multicentre cross-sectional study.BMJ open respiratory research · 2026Article
- Global trends and inequalities in environmental risk-attributable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease mortality among adults aged 80+ years, 1990-2021: an analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.Journal of thoracic disease · 2026Article
- Health inequities in the comorbid association between pneumoconiosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a nationwide study of age-related heterogeneity.Respiratory research · 2026Article
- Endothelial cell senescence shapes T cell activity in late-stage of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Cell death discovery · 2026Article
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease as an Independent Predictor of Left Main Coronary Artery Disease.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Bacteriophage Therapy: Overcoming Antimicrobial Resistance Through Advanced Delivery Methods.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Real-time breath analysis for COPD risk assessment in smokers using a ZnO/SnO₂ heterojunction sensor integrated with support vector machine.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Effectiveness of an Internet-Based 4C Nursing Model on Pulmonary Rehabilitation Outcomes in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Quasi-Experimental Study.Patient preference and adherence · 2026Article
- Effect of Exposure to Inhaled Corticosteroids on Lung Cancer Incidence - A Comparison of Earlier Study Methodology on the Financial Database of the Hungarian National Health Insurance Fund.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2026Article
- Identification and Validation of Mannose Metabolism-Related Biomarkers in COPD Through Integrated Bioinformatics and Machine Learning Analysis: A Pilot Study.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2026Article
- Metabolism-driven emerging acylation modifications in COPD: from elucidation of fundamental mechanisms to clinical diagnosis and treatment.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Comparison of the predictive performance of Cumulative Illness Rating Scale, Charlson Comorbidity Index and COMCOLD Index for moderate-to-severe exacerbations in elderly subjects with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Annals of medicine · 2025Observational
- Artificial Intelligence-Powered Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Detection Techniques-A Review.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Efficacy of SGLT2 Inhibitors, GLP-1 Receptor Agonists, DPP-4 Inhibitors, and Sulfonylureas on Moderate-to-Severe COPD Exacerbations Among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objective: To assess the global burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and cross-country inequalities from 1990 to 2021 and project changes until 2045. Methods: Data on prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for COPD were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 (https://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-results/). Trends were analyzed globally, regionally, and nationally, considering population growth, aging, and epidemiological changes. Inequalities were quantified using the World Health Organization's health equity framework. Future projections were estimated to 2045. Results: From 1990 to 2021, global age-standardized rates of COPD prevalence, mortality, and DALYs declined annually by -0.04, -1.75%, and -1.71%, respectively. However, absolute cases, deaths, and DALYs increased by 112.23, 49.06, and 40.23%, driven by population growth and aging. Men consistently showed higher age-standardized rates. East Asia reported the highest absolute cases and deaths, while South Asia had the largest DALYs. High-income North America and Oceania had the highest age-standardized rates, while Australasia and Eastern Europe saw the steepest declines in prevalence and mortality, respectively. Disparities in COPD burden across sociodemographic index levels widened over time. By 2045, absolute numbers of COPD cases, deaths, and DALYs are projected to rise despite declining age-standardized rates. Conclusion: While global age-standardized rates of COPD prevalence, mortality, and DALYs have declined, the absolute burden has increased due to demographic shifts. Persistent disparities in COPD burden, particularly in low- and middle-sociodemographic index regions, underscore the need for targeted prevention and management strategies.
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