Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40196220›Full record

ArticleOTO open

The Influence of Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity on the Otolaryngology Residency Experience.

Walter M Jongbloed, Hillary A Newsome, Lawrence Kashat, Kourosh Parham, Erynne A Faucett, Chia-Ling Kuo, Kelin Zhong, Katherine R Kavanagh

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in OTO open. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Workplace Harassment of Transgender People: A Narrative Review.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Review
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Walter M JongbloedDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery University of Connecticut Health Center Farmington Connecticut USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3603-0546
Hillary A NewsomeDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery University of Connecticut Health Center Farmington Connecticut USA.
Lawrence KashatMid-Michigan Ear, Nose and Throat East Lansing Michigan USA.
Kourosh ParhamDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery University of Connecticut Health Center Farmington Connecticut USA.
Erynne A FaucettDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery UC Davis Children's Hospital Sacramento California USA.
Chia-Ling KuoThe Cato T. Laurencin Institute for Regenerative Engineering University of Connecticut Health Center Farmington Connecticut USA.
Kelin ZhongThe Cato T. Laurencin Institute for Regenerative Engineering University of Connecticut Health Center Farmington Connecticut USA.
Katherine R KavanaghDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery University of Connecticut Health Center Farmington Connecticut USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objective: This study examines the influence of sexual orientation and gender on residents' experiences in US Otolaryngology residency programs. This study assesses the prevalence of bullying, sexual harassment, discrimination, homophobic remarks and evaluates the workplace environment, well-being, and impact of LGBTQ+ residents/faculty on rank list. Study Design: A 26-question REDCap survey was distributed to all US Otolaryngology residencies. Methods: The survey was distributed to program directors over three months. Responses were compared between groups (sexual orientation and gender) using Fisher's exact test (5% significance level). Results: The response rate was 5.9% (104 responses), 15.5% identified as LGBTQ+. LGBTQ+ residents felt less comfortable disclosing relationships to attendings than heterosexuals (68.8% versus 85.3%, Conclusion: LGBTQ+ and female respondents perceive a worse residency environment. LGBTQ+ residents are less comfortable disclosing relationships to attendings, less satisfied with their decision to pursue Otolaryngology, more likely to consider leaving programs, and desire representation. Women are at increased risk of sexual harassment and discrimination.

Indexed as

bullyingdiversityLGBTQ+well‐being

Identifiers

PMID40196220
PMCPMC11973583

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.