ReviewFrontiers in immunology2025
Microenvironments of tuberculous granuloma: advances and opportunities for therapy.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Post-Tuberculosis Lung Disease: Clinicopathologic Insights, Diagnosis, Prevention, and Management.MedComm · 2026Review
- Clinical Utility of Pleural Tissue Debris Incidentally Obtained During Drainage of Pleural Effusion: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis infects human peripheral hematopoietic multipotent progenitors and promotes their myeloid differentiation in vitro.Cell death & disease · 2026Article
- Tuberculosis and Cellular Metabolism: Insights into the Crosstalk Between Macrophage Immunometabolism and Muscle Dysregulation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- HowVaccines · 2026Review
- Review
- Advancing Tuberculosis Treatment with Next-Generation Drugs and Smart Delivery Systems.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Deciphering the circRNA-Mediated ceRNA regulatory network in dendritic cells during H37Ra and BCG infection.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2026Article
- Modeling immune responses of cattle tomSphere · 2025Article
- Granulomatous cellular signatures in nontuberculous and tuberculous mycobacterial infections.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The hallmark tissue lesions of tuberculosis (TB) are granulomas. These multicellular structures exhibit varying degrees of cellular complexity, are dynamic, and show considerable diversity within and between hosts. Categorization based on gross pathologic features, particularly caseation and necrosis, was historically coined prior to the identification of mycobacteria as the causative agent of TB. More recently, granuloma zonation based on immune cell composition, metabolite abundance, and physical characteristics has gained attention. With the advent of single-cell analyses, distinct microenvironments and cellular ecosystems within TB granulomas have been identified. We summarize the architecture of TB granulomas and highlight their cellular heterogeneity, including cell niches as well as physical factors such as oxygen gradients that modulate lesion fate. We discuss opportunities for therapy, highlighting new models and the power of
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Registered trials
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