Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40196021›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in nutrition2025

Association of ultra-processed foods with phenotypic age acceleration in US adults: a mediation analysis of body mass index in the NHANES.

Weiliang Kong, Yilian Xie, Mengyuan Cen, Kunlong Xiong

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In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in nutrition, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Weiliang KongDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.
Yilian XieDepartment of Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.
Mengyuan CenDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.
Kunlong XiongDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: The rising intake of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) has been linked to adverse health outcomes, yet its impact on aging acceleration remains unclear. Objective: This study aimed to examine the association between the percentage of total daily calories (%Kcal) and grams (%Gram) from UPFs and phenotypic age acceleration (PhenoAgeAccel). Methods: Data from 12,079 adults in the NHANES 2005-2010 cycles were analyzed. The relationship between UPFs intake and PhenoAgeAccel was assessed using multivariable linear regression and restricted cubic splines, with adjustments for relevant covariates. The mediating role of body mass index (BMI) was also explored. Results: A significant positive linear association was observed between UPFs intake (%Gram) and PhenoAgeAccel, with the highest quartile showing an increase of 0.60 (95% CI: 0.15, 1.05; Conclusion: Higher intake of UPFs intake (%Gram) is positively associated with PhenoAgeAccel, with BMI playing a significant mediating role.

Indexed as

biological agingbody mass indexdietary patternNHANESphenotypic age accelerationultra-processed foods

Identifiers

PMID40196021
PMCPMC11973088

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.