Trial reportArchives of physical medicine and rehabilitation2025
Refining Maximal Heart Rate Estimation to Enhance Exercise Recommendations for Persons With Parkinson Disease.
Trial report in Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04000360 (Pragmatic Cyclical Lower Extremity Exercise Trial for Parkinson's Disease), which is not on this map. Cited by 2 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Pragmatic Cyclical Lower Extremity Exercise Trial for Parkinson's Disease
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Physical Activity and Exercise for People with Parkinson's Disease: The Past, Present, and Future.Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society · 2026Review
- Creating and Evaluating a Prediction Equation for VO 2peak in Individuals with Early Stage, Never Medicated Parkinson's Disease.Medicine and science in sports and exercise · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo derive and evaluate an alternative equation to estimate maximal heart rate in persons with Parkinson disease (PD) in the absence of structured exercise testing using observed maximal heart rate data from a maximal cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) and basic demographic and clinical data.
designBaseline data from a randomized controlled trial.
settingAcademic Medical Center.
participantsEighty-two persons with mild-to-moderate PD who completed a CPET.
interventionsNot applicable.
main outcome measuresA linear regression model was fit to maximal heart rate from CPET using the relaxed least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (lasso) and 7 readily clinically accessible candidate covariables. Model fit was assessed by leave-one-out cross-validation. Maximal heart rates from the CPET were compared with estimates from the regression model and from 2 traditional age-based maximal heart rate estimators: (220 - age) and [208 - (0.7 × age)].
resultsThe regression-based heart rate estimator was [166 - (1.15 × age) + (0.60 × resting heart rate)] and most closely fit the observed maximal heart rate from the CPET. The (220 - age) and [208 - (0.7 × age)] equations overestimated maximal heart rate for 88% and 94% of the participants, respectively. The mean square error of the regression-based estimator was 63% and 75% lower than those of the 2 traditional age-based estimators, respectively.
conclusionsOverestimating maximal heart rate generates prescribed target heart rate zones that are likely unachievable during aerobic exercise. The proposed regression-based maximal heart rate estimator most closely fit observed maximal heart rates from the CPET. Adoption of this estimator, based on both age and resting heart rate, may improve estimated maximal heart rate accuracy and thus provide more appropriate and achievable exercise heart rate zones for persons with PD in the absence of a CPET.
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