Trial reportJournal of developmental and behavioral pediatrics : JDBP2025
Internet-delivered Parent-Child Interaction Therapy and Sleep Quality in Children With Developmental Delay: Examining the Mediating Role of Bedtime Resistance Behaviors.
Trial report in Journal of developmental and behavioral pediatrics : JDBP, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Telerehabilitation in children and adolescents with intellectual disability: a systematic review.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- The Role of Parenting in Mitigating Epigenetic Cardiometabolic Risk in a Sample of Predominantly Latino Preschoolers.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveSleep problems are frequently reported and associated with externalizing behavior problems in young children, especially those with developmental delay (DD). Parent-child interaction therapy (PCIT) led to improved sleep in young children with DD, but research has not examined the effect of internet-delivered PCIT (iPCIT) on sleep quality or changes in bedtime resistance behaviors as a mediator. This study examined iPCIT's effect on sleep quality in young children with DD through its impact on bedtime resistance behaviors.
methodParticipants were from a previously completed randomized controlled trial and included 150 children with DD ( M age = 36.2 months, SD = 1.0 months) and their caregivers who were randomized to iPCIT or referrals as usual (RAU). Path analyses examined links between treatment condition, post-treatment bedtime resistance, and sleep quality reported at 6-month follow-up.
resultsTreatment condition significantly influenced bedtime resistance behaviors (β = 0.17, 90% CI, [0.04, 0.29], p = 0.01), and these changes, in turn, significantly affected sleep quality reported at 6-month follow-up (β = 0.18, 90% CI, [0.03, 0.33], p = 0.02). Caregivers receiving iPCIT reported fewer bedtime resistance behaviors after treatment and improved child sleep quality at 6-month follow-up than caregivers receiving RAU.
conclusionAlthough effects were smaller than in other studies examining PCIT's effect on sleep, these results highlight how iPCIT led to improved sleep quality in children with DD through changes in bedtime resistance. Further research is needed to explore differences in the effectiveness of in-person versus iPCIT, as well as other mechanisms (such as parenting behaviors) through which iPCIT affects child sleep quality.
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