Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40190926›Full record

ReviewCureus2025

Spectrum of Neurological Complications in Sjögren's Syndrome: A Comprehensive Review.

Shah Fahad, Anosha Khan, Pratikshya Thapa, Muhammad Saad Khan, Samreen Jogiyat, Wahab Moustafa, Avrina K Ririe, Rida Zahid, Jaisingh Rajput

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Shah FahadMedicine, Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad, PAK.
Anosha KhanInternal Medicine, Fatima Memorial Hospital (FMH) College of Medicine and Dentistry, Lahore, PAK.
Pratikshya ThapaInternal Medicine, Vassar Brothers Medical Center, Nuvance Health, New York, USA.
Muhammad Saad KhanMedicine, Supporting Health and Education, Deserving Fellows (SHED) Hospital, Karachi, PAK.
Samreen JogiyatMedicine, Supporting Health and Education, Deserving Fellows (SHED) Hospital, Karachi, PAK.
Wahab MoustafaNeurosurgery, SRH Wald-Klinikum Gera, Gera, DEU.
Avrina K RirieBrain and Heart Center, Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital Palembang, Palembang, IDN.
Rida ZahidClinical Medicine, Capital Medical University International School, Beijing, CHN.
Jaisingh RajputFamily Medicine, Montgomery Family Medicine Residency Program, Montgomery, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This systematic review comprehensively analyzes the neurological complications associated with Sjögren's Syndrome (SS), focusing on peripheral neuropathy, central nervous system (CNS) involvement, cognitive dysfunction, and autonomic dysregulation. Eight studies, published between 2010 and 2024, were meticulously selected, encompassing a range of study designs, patient populations, and diagnostic methodologies. The findings highlight the substantial burden of neurological manifestations in SS, with peripheral neuropathy identified as the most prevalent complication, followed by cognitive impairment and CNS vasculitis. The review underscores the critical need for standardized diagnostic criteria and outcome measures to facilitate early detection and effective intervention. Although some studies report promising results regarding the efficacy of immunotherapy and other therapeutic approaches, the absence of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) significantly hampers the ability to establish definitive treatment guidelines. Additionally, this review highlights the importance of accounting for confounding factors, such as comorbid conditions, in understanding disease progression and treatment efficacy. It calls for further research to investigate innovative therapeutic options and develop personalized treatment plans tailored to the specific needs of SS patients with neurological complications.

Indexed as

central nervous systemcognitive disordersdiagnostic challengesimmunosuppressive therapymononeuritis multiplexperipheral nervous systemsjögren's syndrome

Identifiers

PMID40190926
PMCPMC11970570

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.