Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40190864›Full record

ArticleCureus2025

Cerebrospinal Fluid Leaks and Healthcare Costs Associated With Tethered Cord Release and Filum Terminale Sectioning.

Andrea Shehaj, Alexandra DiGiovanni, David Millar, Yahya Khan, Arba Cecia, Hannah E Wilding, Mallory Peterson, Elias B Rizk

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Same-day discharge after pediatric neurosurgical procedures: a single-institution experience.Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Andrea ShehajDepartment of Neurosurgery, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, USA.
Alexandra DiGiovanniDepartment of Neurosurgery, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, USA.
David MillarDepartment of Neurosurgery, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, USA.
Yahya KhanDepartment of Neurosurgery, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, USA.
Arba CeciaDepartment of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, USA.
Hannah E WildingDepartment of Neurosurgery, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, USA.
Mallory PetersonDepartment of Neurosurgery, Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, USA.
Elias B RizkDepartment of Neurosurgery, Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionTethered cord syndrome is a condition caused by anatomical restrictions that limit the normal movement of the spinal cord, resulting in metabolic and vascular abnormalities that lead to hypoxia and jeopardize function. This study aims to comprehensively analyze the incidence of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks and the economic burden in pediatric patients who have undergone tethered cord release (TCR) and sectioning of filum terminale, stratified by the duration of postoperative recumbency.

methodsAfter approval from the Institutional Review Board, a retrospective chart review of a tertiary medical center was performed. Patients were stratified into two cohorts based on the time spent in the recumbent position (cohort 1: zero days vs. cohort 2: greater than or equal to one day).

resultsCohort 1 (n = 35) had a mean age of 9.14 ± 2.51 years, and cohort 2 (n = 25) had a mean age of 3.94 ± 0.87 years. The mean procedure duration was shorter in cohort 1 at 2.318 hours (1.22-4.63 hours) compared to 2.74 hours (2.20-3.97 hours) in cohort 2. CSF leaks were observed in one patient in cohort 1 (2.8%) and one patient in cohort 2 (4%), which was determined to be statistically insignificant through Fisher's exact test (p > 0.99). Cohort 1 had a higher overall frequency of total postsurgical complications with six patients (17.1%) compared to three patients in cohort 2 (12%) (p = 0.72). The most common complication was postsurgical infections, which occurred in four patients in cohort 1 (11%) and one in cohort 2 (4%). Mean postoperative hospital stays were 1.969 days for cohort 1 and 1.68 days for cohort 2. The inpatient hospital costs accrued and calculated in 2024 U.S. dollars were $13,742 and $14,650 for cohorts 1 and 2, respectively (p = 0.79).

conclusionThe increased burden and inpatient days needed to place patients in the supine position post-TCR are likely not justified in the setting of comparable CSF leak rates.

Indexed as

csf leakfilum terminale sectioninghealthcare coststethered cordtethered cord release

Identifiers

PMID40190864
PMCPMC11970869

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.