ArticleCureus2025
Relationship Between Thoracic Spine Rotation Range, Trunk Contralateral Flexion Angle, and Maximum Elbow Valgus Torque During Pitching.
Article in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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2 authors.
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Abstract
introductionExcessive trunk contralateral flexion increases elbow valgus torque during pitching. However, the cause of this excessive contralateral flexion is unclear. This study aimed to clarify the relationship between the lumbar rock rotation test (LLR-t), trunk contralateral flexion angle during shoulder joint in maximum external rotation, and maximum elbow valgus torque.
methodsThis descriptive laboratory study included 21 healthy male baseball players with pitcher experience in the LLR-t. Angles were measured using an inclinometer. The maximum elbow valgus torque during pitching was measured using an inertial measuring unit (IMU), and the trunk contralateral flexion angle during shoulder joint in maximum external rotation (MER) was measured using ImageJ (National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States) after video recording.
resultsThe throwing side LLR-t showed a significant negative correlation (r=-0.51, p=0.02) with the trunk contralateral flexion angle during MER and a significant negative correlation (r=-0.45, p=0.04) with the maximum elbow valgus torque during throwing. MER trunk contralateral flexion angle showed a significant positive correlation (r=0.47, p=0.03) with maximum elbow valgus torque during pitching.
conclusionsThe LLR-t may be a useful method of measuring thoracic spine rotation range of motion in athletes with increased trunk contralateral flexion angle and high maximal elbow valgus torque during pitching.
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