Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40190759›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in public health2025

Hygiene and food safety practices among mothers as predictors of diarrhea risk in toddlers in Purwawinangun Village, West Java, Indonesia.

Suparmi Suparmi, Muhammad Faris Sasman, Ratnawati Ratnawati, Ninik Rustanti

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Suparmi Suparmi *Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biology, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung, Semarang, Indonesia.
Muhammad Faris Sasman *Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung, Semarang, Indonesia.
Ratnawati RatnawatiFaculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung, Semarang, Indonesia.
Ninik RustantiFaculty of Medicine, Department of Nutrition, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: While the factors contributing to diarrhea in children are well established, more literature on the influence of food hygiene practices on diarrhea in low-socioeconomic urban communities in Indonesia is still needed. This study investigated specific risk factors for toddlers' diarrhea related to mothers' personal hygiene and food safety practices. Methods: It utilized a cross-sectional design with consecutive sampling, involving 36 mothers with toddlers in Purwawinangun Village, Cirebon, West Java, Indonesia. Hygiene and food safety practices, as well as diarrhea incidence, were assessed using a questionnaire. Results and discussion: In a bivariate analysis using Fisher's Exact Test, personal hygiene practices [prevalence rate (PR) = 3.50; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 11.454-33.696] were significantly associated ( Conclusions: The risk of diarrhea in children can be mitigated by improving mothers' hygiene behaviors and food safety practices. Mothers, especially those living in villages with limited water access, need ongoing education on the importance of food safety. To promote this practice, the local government can implement health initiatives to prevent diarrhea in children.

Indexed as

DiarrheaFood SafetyHygieneMothersAdultChild, PreschoolCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansIndonesiaInfantMaleRisk FactorsSurveys and Questionnairesdiarrheafood safetypersonal hygienerisk factortoddlers

Identifiers

PMID40190759
PMCPMC11968429

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.