Limited effect of sleep education among rural middle-school students in eastern China: a 4-month intervention study.

Kangjun Wu, Qiongshan Xiang, Yan Zhang, Ganglei Pan, Qinghai Gong

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Sleep and biological rhythms, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

1citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

Sleep Education Program with Self-Help Treatment-Sleep-Promoting Behaviors for Children and Adolescents in Japan.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
Review

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Kangjun WuDepartment of Health Surveillance, Zhenhai District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 494, Hou Road, Zhenhai District, Ningbo, 315200 China.ORCID 0000-0001-9584-7113

Qiongshan XiangDepartment of Health Surveillance, Zhenhai District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 494, Hou Road, Zhenhai District, Ningbo, 315200 China.

Yan ZhangDepartment of Health Surveillance, Zhenhai District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 494, Hou Road, Zhenhai District, Ningbo, 315200 China.

Ganglei PanDepartment of Health Surveillance, Zhenhai District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 494, Hou Road, Zhenhai District, Ningbo, 315200 China.

Qinghai GongDepartment of School Health, Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Sleep education had inconsistent effects on children and adolescents, and there was a lack of evaluation based on the context of Chinese students. We aimed to explore the outcomes of sleep education on middle-school students in eastern China. We enrolled 239 middle-school students, divided into intervention group with sleep education (125) and control group (114). The sleep education was conducted within 4 months. Interaction effect was determined by generalized linear mixed models to evaluate efficacy of intervention, measured with three indicators (sleep knowledge, attitude and quality). There were no significant intervention effects on sleep knowledge, attitude and quality. Interaction effects (coefficient) were 0.008 (95% CI: -0.125 to 0.141, Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s41105-025-00570-3.

Indexed as

Attitude and practiceIntervention studyKnowledgeMiddle-school studentsSleep education

Identifiers

PMID40190614

DOI10.1007/s41105-025-00570-3

PMCPMC11971099

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata

Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.