Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40189295›Full record

ReviewInternal medicine (Tokyo, Japan)2025

Bullous Pemphigoid in Patients with Non-small-cell Lung Cancer Complicated by Diabetes Mellitus Receiving Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors and Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Case Report of Two Patients and Review of Literature.

Koki Nakashima, Yoshiki Demura, Satomi Kimura, Koji Yamaoka, Masahiro Oi, Tomoaki Sonoda, Toshihiko Tada, Tamotsu Ishizuka

Abstract readCase ReportsReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Koki NakashimaDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Japan.
Yoshiki DemuraDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Fukui Hospital, Japan.
Satomi KimuraDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Fukui Hospital, Japan.
Koji YamaokaDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Fukui Hospital, Japan.
Masahiro OiDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Fukui Hospital, Japan.
Tomoaki SonodaDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Fukui Hospital, Japan.
Toshihiko TadaDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Fukui Hospital, Japan.
Tamotsu IshizukaDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Japan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4is) are shown to be associated with the development of bullous pemphigoid (BP). Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) can lead to BP development. Therefore, the combination of DPP-4is and ICIs may predispose an individual to developing BP; however, few reports have focused on this issue. We herein report two patients with non-small-cell lung cancer complicated by diabetes mellitus (DM) who developed BP while receiving DPP-4is and ICIs. The clinical course of these patients suggests that the combination of DPP-4is and ICIs may carry a potential risk of BP development.

Indexed as

Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell LungDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV InhibitorsImmune Checkpoint InhibitorsLung NeoplasmsPemphigoid, BullousHumansDipeptidyl-Peptidase IV InhibitorsImmune Checkpoint Inhibitorsbullous pemphigoiddipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4)DPP-4 inhibitorimmune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)immune-related adverse event (irAE)non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC)

Identifiers

PMID40189295
PMCPMC12589151

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.