ArticleNature communications2025
Spatiotemporal molecular tracing of ultralow-volume biofluids via a soft skin-adaptive optical monolithic patch sensor.
Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Materials-Structure-Hardware-Algorithm Co-Driven Hierarchical Optimization for Flexible Sensors.Nano-micro letters · 2026Review
- An intelligent electronic-textile system with adaptive sweat-regulation for continuous exercise-induced fatigue monitoring.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Advances and Challenges in Wearable Sensors for Health Monitoring.ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2026Review
- Rational Selection of Minimal Sensor Arrays for Analyte Fingerprinting.Analytical chemistry · 2026Article
- Review
- Body Biofluids for Minimally-Invasive Diagnostics: Insights, Challenges, Emerging Technologies, and Clinical Potential.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Review
- Bionic Sensors for Biometric Acquisition and Monitoring: Challenges and Opportunities.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Molecular tracing of extremely low amounts of biofluids is vital for precise diagnostic analysis. Although optical nanosensors for real-time spatiotemporal molecular tracing exist, integrating them into simple devices that capture low-volume fluids on rough, dynamic surfaces remains challenging. We present a bioinspired 3D microstructured patch monolithically integrated with optical nanosensors (3D MIN) for real-time, multivariate molecular tracing of ultralow-volume fluids. Inspired by tree frog toe pads, the 3D MIN features soft, hexagonally aligned pillars and microchannels for conformal adhesion and targeted fluid management. Embedding near-infrared fluorescent single-walled carbon nanotube nanosensors in a hydrogel enables simultaneous fluid capture and detection. Softening the elastomer microarchitecture and optimizing water management promote stable adhesion on wet biosurfaces, allowing rapid collection of ultralow-volume fluids (~0.1 µL/min·cm²). We demonstrate real-time, remote sweat analysis with ≥75 nL volumes collected in 45 s, without exercise or iontophoresis, showcasing high biocompatibility and efficient spatiotemporal molecular tracing.
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Registered trials
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