Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40187781›Full record

Observational studyBMJ open2025

COVID-19 Early Detection in Doctors and Healthcare Workers (CEDiD) study: a cohort study on the feasibility of wearable devices.

Alexander Zargaran, Sara Sousi, Gary Colville, Gill Radcliffe, Rayka Malek, Abdel Douiri, Kariem El-Boghdadly, Gaia Nebbia, Rocio T Martinez Nunez, Anne Greenough

Registry-linked trialAbstract readObservational Study
In one paragraph

Observational study in BMJ open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04363489 (The CEDiD Study), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04363489 unknown statusnot on this map

The CEDiD Study (COVID-19 Early Diagnosis in Doctors and Healthcare Workers)

TypeobservationalSponsorKing's College LondonRan2020 to 2021Enrolled60ConditionsCovid19ArmsWearable Medical Device (Empatica E4), COVID-19 PCR Swab, Pulse Oximeter
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Alexander ZargaranKing's College London - Guy's Campus, London, UK a.zargaran@ucl.ac.uk.
Sara SousiKing's College London - Guy's Campus, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0494-5138
Gary ColvilleDepartment of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7474-5617
Gill RadcliffeDepartment of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
Rayka MalekKing's College London - Guy's Campus, London, UK.
Abdel DouiriKing's College London - Guy's Campus, London, UK.
Kariem El-BoghdadlyKing's College London - Guy's Campus, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9912-717X
Gaia NebbiaDepartment of Infection, Guy's & St Thomas NHS Trust, London, UK.
Rocio T Martinez NunezDepartment of Infectious Diseases, King's College London - Guy's Campus, London, UK.
Anne GreenoughKing's College London - Guy's Campus, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8672-5349

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundInfectious agents such as SARS-CoV-2 require strategies to contain outbreaks, particularly in hospitals where the spread of infection is most likely. Biometric monitoring of heart rate, temperature, oxygen saturations and sleep might provide important early warning signs for SARS-CoV-2. This study aimed to determine whether a smart medical device (E4 wristband) and a pulse oximeter used to continuously measure heart rate, skin temperature and oxygen saturation would predict the onset of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

methodsA single-centre, prospective observational cohort of 30 healthcare workers (HCWs) working in areas at high risk for exposure to SARS-CoV-2 were enrolled. HCWs were tested for SARS-CoV-2 using RT-qPCR of daily self-administered swabs for 30 days. Each participant was asked to wear an E4 wristband to measure changes in their heart rate, skin temperature and sleep throughout the study.

resultsNine (30%) HCWs (median (range) age of 39 (27-57) years) tested positive for COVID-19. No significant differences were found in the pre-infection and post-infection variations in the heart rate (p=0.31) or skin temperature (p=0.44). Seven of the nine positive subjects reported symptoms at some point during the study period: unusual fatigue (40%), headache (33%) and runny nose (22%) were the most frequent. Analysis of daily trends in observations demonstrated significant fluctuations in biometric parameters.

conclusionThese results suggest that wearable technology might be useful in documenting signs of SARS-CoV-2 infection in exposed HCWs. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT04363489.

Indexed as

COVID-19Health PersonnelPhysiciansWearable Electronic DevicesAdultEarly DiagnosisFeasibility StudiesFemaleHeart RateHumansMaleMiddle AgedOximetryOxygen SaturationProspective StudiesSARS-CoV-2COVID-19EpidemiologyRandomized Controlled TrialWearable Electronic Devices

Identifiers

PMID40187781
PMCPMC11973797

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.