Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40186295›Full record

ReviewRadiation oncology (London, England)2025

Mathematical modeling in radiotherapy for cancer: a comprehensive narrative review.

Dandan Zheng, Kiersten Preuss, Michael T Milano, Xiuxiu He, Lang Gou, Yu Shi, Brian Marples, Raphael Wan, Hongfeng Yu, Huijing Du and 1 more

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Radiation oncology (London, England), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Dandan ZhengDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 647, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA. Dandan_Zheng@urmc.rochester.edu.
Kiersten PreussUniversity of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, USA.
Michael T MilanoDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 647, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.
Xiuxiu HeDepartment of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA.
Lang GouDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 647, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.
Yu ShiSchool of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska Lincoln, Lincoln, USA.
Brian MarplesDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 647, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.
Raphael WanDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 647, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.
Hongfeng YuDepartment of Computer Science, University of Nebraska Lincoln, Lincoln, USA.
Huijing DuDepartment of Mathematics, University of Nebraska Lincoln, Lincoln, USA.
Chi ZhangSchool of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska Lincoln, Lincoln, USA.

Funding

X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHYP30CA008748 · NCI · SLOAN-KETTERING INSTITUTE FOR CANCER RES · PI SELWYN M VICKERS · 1985 to 2026
$347.4M
NCI NIH HHS P30 CA008748
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Mathematical modeling has long been a cornerstone of radiotherapy for cancer, guiding treatment prescription, planning, and delivery through versatile applications. As we enter the era of medical big data, where the integration of molecular, imaging, and clinical data at both the tumor and patient levels could promise more precise and personalized cancer treatment, the role of mathematical modeling has become even more critical. This comprehensive narrative review aims to summarize the main applications of mathematical modeling in radiotherapy, bridging the gap between classical models and the latest advancements. The review covers a wide range of applications, including radiobiology, clinical workflows, stereotactic radiosurgery/stereotactic body radiotherapy (SRS/SBRT), spatially fractionated radiotherapy (SFRT), FLASH radiotherapy (FLASH-RT), immune-radiotherapy, and the emerging concept of radiotherapy digital twins. Each of these areas is explored in depth, with a particular focus on how newer trends and innovations are shaping the future of radiation cancer treatment. By examining these diverse applications, this review provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of mathematical modeling in radiotherapy. It also highlights the growing importance of these models in the context of personalized medicine and multi-scale, multi-modal data integration, offering insights into how they can be leveraged to enhance treatment precision and patient outcomes. As radiotherapy continues to evolve, the insights gained from this review will help guide future research and clinical practice, ensuring that mathematical modeling continues to propel innovations in radiation cancer treatment.

Indexed as

Models, TheoreticalNeoplasmsRadiotherapyRadiotherapy Planning, Computer-AssistedHumansPrecision MedicineRadiosurgery

Identifiers

PMID40186295
PMCPMC11969940

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.