Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40185997›Full record

ArticleCell death and differentiation2025

Lactylation-driven USP4-mediated ANXA2 stabilization and activation promotes maintenance and radioresistance of glioblastoma stem cells.

Yiming Tu, Lei Xu, Guoqiang Fu, Jichen Wang, Pengfei Xia, Zeqiang Tao, Yangfan Ye, Jingming Hu, Wanzhi Cai, Hang Zhu and 2 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cell death and differentiation, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
24citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

24 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Targeting the BMX in cancer: molecular mechanisms and emerging therapeutic strategies.Journal of enzyme inhibition and medicinal chemistry · 2026
    Review
  2. Persistent ZnAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Unveiling Lactylation: A Novel Frontier in Cancer Stemness and Therapy.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026
    Review
  6. Review
  7. Review
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Glycolysis enzymes and cellular lactylation in tumour.Clinical and translational medicine · 2026
    Review
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Yiming Tu *Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
Lei Xu *Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.ORCID 0009-0009-7496-771X
Guoqiang Fu *Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
Jichen WangDepartment of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
Pengfei XiaDepartment of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
Zeqiang TaoDepartment of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
Yangfan YeDepartment of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
Jingming HuDepartment of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
Wanzhi CaiDepartment of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
Hang ZhuDepartment of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
Qing WuDepartment of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
Jing JiDepartment of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China. jijing@njmu.edu.cn.ORCID 0000-0002-7372-024X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most primary lethal brain cancer, characterized by the presence of glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) that initiate and sustain tumor growth and induce radioresistance. Annexin A2 (ANXA2) has been reported to contribute to glioblastoma progression and impart stem cell-like properties to GSCs, however, its post-translational modifications and mechanisms in GSCs maintenance remain poorly understood. Here, we identify that USP4 is preferentially expressed by GSCs in GBM, USP4/ANXA2 supports GSCs maintenance and radioresistance. Specifically, USP4 interacts with ANXA2, stabilizing its protein by deubiquitinating ANXA2, which mediates its proteasomal degradation and Y24 phosphorylation. USP4 directly cleaves Lys48- and Lys63-linked polyubiquitin chains of ANXA2, with the Lys63-linked polyubiquitin chains of ANXA2 K28 mediating its Y24 phosphorylation. Moreover, K10 acetylation of ANXA2 enhances its interaction with USP4. Importantly, USP4/ANXA2 promotes GSCs maintenance and radioresistance by activating BMX-mediated STAT3 activation. H3K18 lactylation is responsible for the upregulation of USP4 in GSCs. Our studies reveal that USP4/ANXA2 plays critical roles in maintaining GSCs and therapeutic resistance, highlighting the importance of lactylation, acetylation, ubiquitination, and phosphorylation as critical post-translational modifications for USP4-mediated stabilization and activity of ANXA2.

Indexed as

Annexin A2Brain NeoplasmsGlioblastomaNeoplastic Stem CellsRadiation ToleranceUbiquitin-Specific ProteasesUbiquitin ThiolesteraseAnimalsCell Line, TumorHumansMicePhosphorylationProtein StabilitySTAT3 Transcription FactorUbiquitinationAnnexin A2ANXA2 protein, humanSTAT3 Transcription FactorUbiquitin-Specific ProteasesUbiquitin Thiolesterase

Identifiers

PMID40185997
PMCPMC12432172

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.