ArticleNature communications2025
Preclinical concept studies showing advantage of an inhaled anti-CTGF/CCN2 protein for pulmonary fibrosis treatment.
Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- In Silico Clinical Trials in Drug Development: Virtual Patients, Applications, and Regulatory Convergence.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2026Review
- Developmental Progress and Future Potential for Inhaled Biologics in the Treatment of Respiratory Diseases.Drugs · 2026Review
- SM17, an anti-interleukin-17 receptor B antibody, ameliorates pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosisERJ open research · 2026Article
- Review
- Inhaled biologics for respiratory diseases: clinical potential and emerging technologies.Drug delivery and translational research · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
33 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Inhaled therapeutics have high potential for the treatment of chronic respiratory diseases of high unmet medical need, such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Preclinical and early clinical evidence show that cellular communication network factor 2 (CCN2), previously called connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), is a promising target for the treatment of IPF. In recent phase 3 clinical trials, however, systemic CCN2 inhibition failed to demonstrate a clinically meaningful benefit. Here, we present the preclinical profile of the inhaled anti-CCN2 Anticalin® protein PRS-220. Our study demonstrates that efficient pulmonary delivery directly translates into superior efficacy in relevant models of pulmonary fibrosis when compared to systemic CCN2 inhibition. Moreover, we present a holistic approach for the preclinical characterization of inhaled PRS-220 from state-of-the art in vitro and in vivo models to novel human ex vivo and in silico models, highlighting the advantage of inhaled drug delivery for treatment of respiratory disease.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.