ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2025
A disease-specific convergence of host and Epstein-Barr virus genetics in multiple sclerosis.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed.
- EBV reactivation priming of the peripheral immune system in multiple sclerosis relapse.Nature medicine · 2026Article
- Targeting progressive multiple sclerosis: Toward mechanism-informed precision medicine.Journal of internal medicine · 2026Review
- Review
- From viral epigenetic reprogramming to neuroinflammation: Mechanisms driving neurodegeneration.Journal of neurovirology · 2026Review
- Epstein-Barr Virus and Multiple Sclerosis: Mechanistic Insights into Virus-Driven Autoimmunity.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- CD4Science translational medicine · 2026Article
- Nucleoside-Analog Reverse-Transcriptase Inhibitors (NRTIs) Against Multiple Sclerosis: Comprehensive Review on a Possible Novel Therapeutic Approach.Neurology international · 2026Review
- Neuroinflammation as a result of non-neurotropic herpesvirus infection.Immunology and cell biology · 2026Review
- Why Is MS a More Frequent Complication of EBV Infection in Females?Immunological reviews · 2026Review
- EBV Triggers a Distinct Antiviral Response in HMC3 Cells.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- EBV genome analysis in multiple sclerosis shows extensive viral diversity and links to autoimmunity.NAR molecular medicine · 2026Article
- EBV Dysregulation Is Associated With Immune Imbalance in Multiple Sclerosis: Evidence From Integrated Viral and Host Analyses.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Epstein-Barr virus associated diseases: Immune alterations and targeted approaches.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Gastrointestinal inflammation and cancer: viral and bacterial interplay.Gut microbes · 2025Review
- Comparative Analysis of Genetic Risk for Viral-Induced Axonal Loss in Genetically Diverse Mice.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Complete Epstein-Barr virus seropositivity in a cohort of pediatric onset multiple sclerosis: a comparison to other autoimmune diseases.Journal of neurology · 2025Article
- Sex-Related Differences in Lifestyle Factors Affecting Multiple Sclerosis Susceptibility and Disease Progression.Brain sciences · 2025Review
- Epstein-Barr Virus miRNAs in Multiple Sclerosis: Unveiling their role in Immune Regulation and Potential for Diagnostic and Therapeutic Innovation.Pakistan journal of medical sciences · 2025Article
- CXCR4 and CXCR6 dually limit T cell entry into the polyomavirus-infected brain.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
41 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Recent sero-epidemiological studies have strengthened the hypothesis that Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) may be a causal factor in multiple sclerosis (MS). Given the complexity of the EBV-host interaction, various mechanisms may be responsible for the disease pathogenesis. Furthermore, it remains unclear whether this is a disease-specific process. Here, we showed that genes encoding EBV interactors are enriched in loci associated with MS but not with other diseases and in prioritized therapeutic targets. Analyses of MS blood and brain transcriptomes confirmed a dysregulation of MS-associated EBV interactors affecting the CD40 pathway. Such interactors were strongly enriched in binding sites for the EBV nuclear antigen 2 (EBNA2) viral transcriptional regulator, often in colocalization with CCCTC binding factor (CTCF) and RNA Polymerase II Subunit A (POLR2A). EBNA2 was expressed in the MS brain. The 1.2 EBNA2 allele downregulated the expression of the CD40 MS-associated gene analogously to the CD40 MS-risk variant. Finally, we showed that the 1.2 EBNA2 allele associates with the risk of MS. This study delineates how host and viral genetic variability converge in MS-specific pathogenetic mechanisms.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.