Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40184164›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of general virology2025

Distribution of aminopeptidase N coronavirus receptors in the respiratory and digestive tracts of domestic and wild artiodactyls and carnivores.

Fabian Z X Lean, Giulia Gallo, Joseph Newman, Stuart Ackroyd, Simon Spiro, Ruth Cox, Ingebjørg Helena Nymo, Caroline Bröjer, Aleksija Neimanis, Alejandro Suárez-Bonnet and 9 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of general virology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

19 authors.

Fabian Z X LeanPathology and Animal Sciences Department, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Addlestone, UK.
Giulia GalloThe Pirbright Institute, Surrey, UK.
Joseph NewmanThe Pirbright Institute, Surrey, UK.
Stuart AckroydPathology and Animal Sciences Department, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Addlestone, UK.
Simon SpiroZoological Society of London, London, UK.
Ruth CoxNational Wildlife Management Centre, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Sand Hutton, York, UK.
Ingebjørg Helena NymoThe Norwegian Veterinary Institute, Oslo, Norway.
Caroline BröjerDepartment of Pathology and Wildlife Diseases, Swedish Veterinary Agency, Uppsala, Sweden.
Aleksija NeimanisDepartment of Pathology and Wildlife Diseases, Swedish Veterinary Agency, Uppsala, Sweden.
Alejandro Suárez-BonnetDepartment of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, North Mymms, UK.
Simon L PriestnallDepartment of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, North Mymms, UK.
Holly EverestThe Pirbright Institute, Surrey, UK.
Sarah KeepThe Pirbright Institute, Surrey, UK.
Dalan BaileyThe Pirbright Institute, Surrey, UK.
Richard J DelahayNational Wildlife Management Centre, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Sand Hutton, York, UK.
Amanda H SeekingsVirology Department, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Addlestone, UK.
Lorraine M McElhinneyVirology Department, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Addlestone, UK.
Sharon M BrookesVirology Department, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Addlestone, UK.
Alejandro NúñezPathology and Animal Sciences Department, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Addlestone, UK.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Aminopeptidase N (APN) is a transmembrane protein that mediates the attachment of the spike protein of several clinically important coronaviruses (CoVs) responsible for respiratory and intestinal diseases in animals and humans. To assess the potential for APN-mediated viral tropism, we characterized APN receptor distribution in the respiratory and intestinal tissues of various artiodactyls (cervids, bovids, camelids and suids) and carnivores (canids, felids, mustelids and phocids) using immunohistochemistry. In the lungs, APN expression was limited to artiodactyls, with strong expression in the bronchiolar epithelium and weaker expression in pneumocytes. Nasal turbinate and tracheal samples, where available, showed stronger APN expression in artiodactyls over carnivores. APN was consistently detected on the microvilli of enterocytes in the small intestine across multiple taxa, while the presence in the colon was more variable. Of the animals examined, pig and alpaca consistently expressed the most abundant APN in the upper and lower respiratory tract.

Indexed as

ArtiodactylaCarnivoraCD13 AntigensCoronavirusCoronavirus InfectionsGastrointestinal TractReceptors, VirusRespiratory SystemAnimalsAnimals, DomesticAnimals, WildHumansSwineViral TropismCD13 AntigensReceptors, Virusaminopeptidase Nartiodactylacarnivoracoronavirus

Identifiers

PMID40184164
PMCPMC11971486

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.