ReviewCancer metastasis reviews2025
Lessons learned from a decade of immune checkpoint inhibition: The good, the bad, and the ugly.
Review in Cancer metastasis reviews, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed.
- AI-enabled discovery and biochemical optimization of minibinders targeting cancer cell-surface proteins.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Third-Line Treatment Timing After Second-Line Discontinuation in Advanced Pancreatic Cancer: A 30-Day Landmark Analysis.Journal of gastrointestinal cancer · 2026Article
- Life-Threatening Secondary Adrenal Crisis Triggered by Pembrolizumab-Induced Hypophysitis: A Case Report.Cureus · 2026Article
- Across the Social Network of the Gut: Bacterial, Fungal, and Viral Determinants of Checkpoint Inhibitor Efficacy and Toxicity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Risk signals and clinical characteristics of serious adverse events of neutropenia associated with pembrolizumab: a FAERS database study.BMC cancer · 2026Article
- Development and Validation of a HAUS-Related Prognostic Signature in Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Multi-Omics Integration from Pan-Cancer Analysis to Single-Cell Resolution.Journal of hepatocellular carcinoma · 2026Article
- The interplay between oncolytic viruses, Toll-like receptor signaling, and chemotherapy in overcoming tumor immune tolerance.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- Overcoming immunotherapy barriers in pediatric brain tumors: epigenetic strategies.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- A predictive model for immunotherapy efficacy in cancer based on dynamic changes of CD8+ T cells: a pan-cancer retrospective study.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Article
- Metabolic Checkpoints in CD8International journal of biological sciences · 2026Review
- Combined neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and nomogram for predicting progression-free survival in recurrent/metastatic cervical cancer treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- A novel prognostic and immune-related biomarkerTranslational cancer research · 2025Article
- Cracking the resistance code: The molecular reclassification of cancer and precision therapy strategies.Seminars in cancer biology · 2025Review
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Beyond Progression in Various Solid Tumors: A Systematic Review and Pooled Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Gut microbiota-derived metabolites in immunomodulation and gastrointestinal cancer immunotherapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Discovering the brakes/checkpoints that cancer places on the immune system to prevent being eradicated led to the 2018 Nobel Prize and the development of multiple Food and Drug Administration-approved immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). ICIs have transformed the treatment of numerous cancer types and, remarkably, some patients with end-stage metastatic disease can achieve durable, complete remissions - cures. Still, ICIs cause significant immune-related toxicities, and most tumors are resistant. Unusual progression patterns such as pseudo-progression and hyper-progression (accelerated progression) can occur. Biomarkers for ICI response/resistance include microsatellite instability, high tumor mutational burden, and PD-L1 immunohistochemistry positivity; but they are imperfect, perhaps because of immune system complexity. Herein, we explore the good, the bad, and the ugly of ICIs in cancer treatment.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.