Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40183830›Full record

ArticleVeterinary research communications2025

Impact of single versus multiple infection on serum protein fractions in cats.

Diana Marteles, María Eugenia Lebrero, Antonio Fernández, Aurora Ortín, Ana González, Carmen Morell, María Jesús Villanueva, Ingo Schäfer, Pablo Quílez, Maite Verde and 2 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Veterinary research communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Diana MartelesClinical Immunology Laboratory, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.
María Eugenia LebreroClinical Immunology Laboratory, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.
Antonio FernándezClinical Immunology Laboratory, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.
Aurora OrtínDepartment of Animal Pathology, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.
Ana GonzálezClinical Immunology Laboratory, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.
Carmen MorellHV, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.
María Jesús VillanuevaHV, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.
Ingo SchäferLABOKLIN Gmbh and Co. KG, Steubenstraße 4, 97688, Bad Kissingen, Germany.
Pablo QuílezClinical Immunology Laboratory, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.
Maite VerdeClinical Immunology Laboratory, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.
Alex GómezClinical Immunology Laboratory, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain. a.gomez@unizar.es.
Sergio Villanueva-SazClinical Immunology Laboratory, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain. svs@unizar.es.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Serum protein electrophoresis (SPE) is a widely used diagnostic tool for identifying acute and chronic inflammation, as well as immunodeficiencies. However, the impact of co-infections on SPE patterns in cats remains poorly understood. This study explored the utility of SPE in differentiating immune responses between cats infected with a single pathogen and those with multiple co-infections. A total of 79 serum samples from stray European Shorthair cats in Zaragoza, Spain, were analyzed. Fifty cats had a single infection, while 29 were co-infected with 2-4 pathogens. Agarose gel electrophoresis was used to assess protein profiles and statistical analyses were performed to identify significant differences between groups. The results showed no major differences in protein profiles between single and co-infected cats, with polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia being most common in single-pathogen infections. Therefore, these findings indicate that SPE may have limitations in distinguishing between single and multiple infections in cats, contrasting with some previous studies.

Indexed as

Blood ProteinsCat DiseasesCoinfectionAnimalsBlood Protein ElectrophoresisCatsFemaleMaleSpainBlood ProteinsCatCoinfectionGlobulinSerum protein electrophoresis

Identifiers

PMID40183830
PMCPMC11971170

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.