Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40182235›Full record

ArticleIEEE transactions on radiation and plasma medical sciences2025

Demonstration of LGADs and Cherenkov gamma detectors for prompt gamma timing proton therapy range verification.

Ryan Heller, Justin Ellin, Michael Backfish, Joshua W Cates, Woon-Seng Choong, Nicolaus Kratochwil, Eric Prebys, Leonor Rebolo, Sara St James, Gerard Ariño-Estrada

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in IEEE transactions on radiation and plasma medical sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. CHEMONO: a Cherenkov-Only Monolithic Detector for PGI in Proton Range Verification.IEEE transactions on radiation and plasma medical sciences · 2026
    Article
  2. Current Status of Cherenkov-Based Gamma Detectors for TOF-PET and Proton Range Verification.IEEE transactions on radiation and plasma medical sciences · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Ryan HellerLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA.
Justin EllinDepartment of Biomedical Engineering of the University of California, Davis (UCD), Davis, California, USA.
Michael BackfishCrocker Nuclear Laboratory of UCD.
Joshua W CatesLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA.
Woon-Seng ChoongLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA.
Nicolaus KratochwilDepartment of Biomedical Engineering of the University of California, Davis (UCD), Davis, California, USA.
Eric PrebysCrocker Nuclear Laboratory of UCD.
Leonor ReboloDepartment of Biomedical Engineering of the University of California, Davis (UCD), Davis, California, USA.
Sara St JamesUniversity of Utah Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
Gerard Ariño-EstradaDepartment of Biomedical Engineering of the University of California, Davis (UCD), Davis, California, USA.

Funding

Real-time in vivo proton range verification in proton therapy with thallium bromide detectorsR01EB029533 · NIBIB · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS · PI ARIÑO ESTRADA, GERARD · 2021 to 2024
$2.6M
NIBIB NIH HHS R01 EB029533
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The great potential for precision dose delivery with proton therapy remains to be fully exploited, largely due to uncertainties in range that require additional conservative treatment margins. Analysis of time distributions from prompt gamma-ray emissions offers a means to precisely verify the range in real time and shrink treatment margins, thus increasing effectiveness and reducing toxicity. We demonstrate a prototype prompt gamma timing system to detect proton range shifts, based on Low Gain Avalanche Detectors, used to time incoming protons, and Cherenkov detectors, to time the outgoing prompt gammas. With this system, we are able to detect range shifts induced in a PMMA phantom with about 1 mm precision consistently.

Indexed as

Cherenkov detectorLGADPrompt gamma timingproton range verificationThallium BromideThallium Chloride

Identifiers

PMID40182235
PMCPMC11968073

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.