Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40182033›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in oncology2025

Polysialic acid is upregulated on activated immune cells and negatively regulates anticancer immune activity.

Olivia Drummond-Guy, John Daly, Angeline Wu, Natalie Stewart, Katy Milne, Chloe Duff, Brad H Nelson, Karla C Williams, Simon Wisnovsky

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in oncology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Olivia Drummond-GuyFaculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
John DalyFaculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Angeline WuFaculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Natalie StewartFaculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Katy MilneDeeley Research Centre, British Columbia (BC) Cancer, Victoria, BC, Canada.
Chloe DuffDeeley Research Centre, British Columbia (BC) Cancer, Victoria, BC, Canada.
Brad H NelsonDeeley Research Centre, British Columbia (BC) Cancer, Victoria, BC, Canada.
Karla C WilliamsFaculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Simon WisnovskyFaculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Suppression of anticancer immune function is a key driver of tumorigenesis. Identifying molecular pathways that inhibit anticancer immunity is critical for developing novel immunotherapeutics. One such molecule that has recently been identified is the carbohydrate polysialic acid (polySia), whose expression is dramatically upregulated on both cancer cells and immune cells in breast cancer patient tissues. The role of polySia in the anticancer immune response, however, remains incompletely understood. In this study, we profile polySia expression on both healthy primary immune cells and on infiltrating immune cells in the tumour microenvironment (TME). These studies reveal polySia expression on multiple immune cell subsets in patient breast tumors. We find that stimulation of primary T-cells and macrophages

Indexed as

B cellscarbohydratesglycansimmune cellsmacrophagesNK cellspolysialic acidT-cells

Identifiers

PMID40182033
PMCPMC11965634

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.