Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40181069›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Reducing PKCδ inhibits tumor growth through growth hormone by inhibiting PKA/CREB/ERK signaling pathway in pituitary adenoma.

Xi Chen, Jianyao Mao, Liwei Zhou, Weichao Jiang, Zhangyu Li, Yukui Li, Sifang Chen, Guowei Tan, Yuanyuan Xie, Chen Wang and 1 more

RetractedAbstract readRetracted Publication
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It has been retracted, and should not be counted. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Xi Chen *Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361003, Fujian, China.
Jianyao Mao *Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361003, Fujian, China.
Liwei Zhou *Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361003, Fujian, China.
Weichao JiangDepartment of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361003, Fujian, China.
Zhangyu LiDepartment of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361003, Fujian, China.
Yukui LiDepartment of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361003, Fujian, China.
Sifang ChenDepartment of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361003, Fujian, China.
Guowei TanDepartment of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361003, Fujian, China.
Yuanyuan XieDepartment of Neurosurgery and Department of Neuroscience, Fujian Key Laboratory of Brain Tumors Diagnosis and Precision Treatment, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Brain Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361003, China. xieyy@xmu.edu.cn.
Chen WangDepartment of Neurology and Department of Neuroscience, Xiamen Medical Quality Control Center for NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361003, Fujian, China. wangchen1986xm@163.com.
Jinli SunDepartment of Reproduction, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361003, Fujian, China. sunkinglily@126.com.

Funding

Medical and Health Guidance Program of Xiamen City, China 3502Z2024ZD1007Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province, China 2018J01376Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province, China 2023J011625Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province, China 2023J05270the Medical and Health Guidance Program of Xiamen City, China 3502Z20214ZD1021the Natural Science Foundation of Xiamen City, China 3502Z20227093
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Patients with growth hormone-secreting pituitary adenoma (GHPA) often fail to exhibit the molecular signatures typically associated with tumorigenesis. This study investigates the role of protein kinase C delta (PKCδ) in modulating cell apoptosis, migration, invasion, and tumor growth in pituitary adenoma. We assessed the activation of the PKA/CREB/ERK signaling pathway and cell apoptosis through RT-qPCR and western blot analysis. Wound-healing and transwell assays were employed to evaluate cell migration and invasion. Combined treatment with rottlerin and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) reversed the inhibition of the PKA/CREB/ERK signaling pathway, downregulated cell apoptosis, and reduced growth hormone secretion in GH3 cells. A decrease in the level of PKCδ also inhibited the PKA/CREB/ERK signaling pathway, reduced cell apoptosis, and suppressed the secretion of growth hormone. Notably, growth hormone reversed the decline in cell migration and invasion following PKCδ siRNA treatment. Moreover, in nude mice with tumor models, growth hormone reversed the reduction in tumor volume induced by PKCδ siRNA. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that reducing PKCδ inhibits tumor growth by suppressing growth hormone via inhibition of the PKA/CREB/ERK signaling pathway.

Indexed as

AdenomaCyclic AMP-Dependent Protein KinasesCyclic AMP Response Element-Binding ProteinGrowth HormoneMAP Kinase Signaling SystemPituitary NeoplasmsProtein Kinase C-deltaAcetophenonesAnimalsApoptosisBenzopyransCell Line, TumorCell MovementCell ProliferationHumansMaleAcetophenonesBenzopyransCyclic AMP-Dependent Protein KinasesCyclic AMP Response Element-Binding ProteinGrowth HormoneProtein Kinase C-deltaRNA, Small InterferingrottlerinApoptosisGrowth hormonePKA/CREB/ERK signaling pathwayProtein kinase CδTumor growth

Identifiers

PMID40181069
PMCPMC11968925

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.