Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40180185›Full record

ArticleAcademic pediatrics2025

Illustrating the Role of Infant Well-Child Visits in the Association Between Transportation Insecurity and Acute Health Care Use.

Jewel Park, Michelle Gorecki, Aaron Flicker, Allison Reyner, Adrienne Henize, Melissa Klein, Andrew F Beck

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Academic pediatrics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Jewel ParkPediatric Residency Program (J Park), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio. Electronic address: bakjewel@gmail.com.
Michelle GoreckiDivision of General and Community Pediatrics (M Gorecki, A Henize, M Klein, and AF Beck), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio.
Aaron FlickerJames M. Anderson Center for Health Systems Excellence (A Flicker, A Reyner, and AF Beck), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio.
Allison ReynerJames M. Anderson Center for Health Systems Excellence (A Flicker, A Reyner, and AF Beck), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio.
Adrienne HenizeDivision of General and Community Pediatrics (M Gorecki, A Henize, M Klein, and AF Beck), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio; Department of Pediatrics (A Henize, M Klein, and AF Beck), University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio; Michael Fisher Child Health Equity Center (A Henize, M Klein, and AF Beck), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio.
Melissa KleinDivision of General and Community Pediatrics (M Gorecki, A Henize, M Klein, and AF Beck), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio; Department of Pediatrics (A Henize, M Klein, and AF Beck), University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio; Michael Fisher Child Health Equity Center (A Henize, M Klein, and AF Beck), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio; Division of Hospital Medicine (M Klein and AF Beck), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio.
Andrew F BeckDivision of General and Community Pediatrics (M Gorecki, A Henize, M Klein, and AF Beck), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio; James M. Anderson Center for Health Systems Excellence (A Flicker, A Reyner, and AF Beck), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio; Department of Pediatrics (A Henize, M Klein, and AF Beck), University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio; Michael Fisher Child Health Equity Center (A Henize, M Klein, and AF Beck), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio; Division of Hospital Medicine (M Klein and AF Beck), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio; Office of Population Health (AF Beck), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio. Electronic address: andrew.beck1@cchmc.org.

Funding

AHRQ HHS R01 HS027996
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo evaluate the role of well-child visits (WCVs) in mediating associations between transportation insecurity and acute health care usage among infants.

methodsThis was a retrospective cohort study of 4114 infants seen for newborn visits at 3 primary care centers between February 1, 2019 and March 31, 2021. Each infant was followed through 15 months of age. The outcome of interest was acute health care usage, defined by high-acuity emergency department (ED) visits or hospitalization. The exposure was transportation insecurity as reported by parents through standardized questionnaires administered during WCVs. We stratified analyses by WCV attendance (≥6 WCVs vs <6 WCVs in the first 15 months of life) to assess whether WCVs mediated associations between acute health care usage and transportation insecurity.

resultsOf 4114 eligible infants, 8.7% endorsed transportation insecurity. Patients reporting transportation insecurity, compared to those who did not, had higher rates of incomplete WCV attendance (60.3% vs 44.2%, P < 0.001), ED visitation (38.0% vs 28.7%; P < 0.001), and hospitalization (19.8% vs 14.1%; P = 0.004). Transportation insecurity, compared to no transportation security, was significantly associated with having <6 WCVs (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.64, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.29, 2.09), ED visitation (aOR 1.45, 95% CI 1.14, 1.85), and hospitalization (aOR 1.52, 95% CI 1.13, 2.04). However, WCV attendance did not mediate associations between transportation insecurity and ED visits or hospitalizations.

conclusionsTransportation insecurity was associated with fewer WCVs; however, WCV attendance did not mediate associations between acute health care usage and transportation insecurity. Future research could focus on mechanisms linking transportation insecurity to suboptimal health outcomes.

Indexed as

Emergency Service, HospitalHealth Services AccessibilityHospitalizationPatient Acceptance of Health CareTransportationFemaleHumansInfantInfant, NewbornMalePrimary Health CareRetrospective Studiesacute health care usesocial determinants of healthtransportation insecuritywell-child visit

Identifiers

PMID40180185
PMCPMC12357495

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.