ArticleOphthalmology and therapy2025
Therapeutic Keratopigmentation: Cosmetic and Functional Outcomes.
Article in Ophthalmology and therapy, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Surgical Techniques for Cosmetic Eye Color Change: A Narrative Review.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2025Review
- An updated comprehensive review on keratopigmentation.International journal of ophthalmology · 2025Review
- Therapeutic keratopigmentation Vis-à-Vis in blind eyes: complications and outcomes in a series of 184 eyes.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionThis work aimed to assess the safety and outcomes of femtosecond laser-assisted intrastromal keratopigmentation (FIK) and superficial automated keratopigmentation (SAK) using micronized mineral pigments (MMPs) as a therapeutic cosmetic tool.
methodsKeratopigmentation (KTP) was performed in 85 eyes of 85 patients with moderate-to-severe cosmetic disabilities (20/80 to no light perception) related to various etiologies causing corneal scarring or iris abnormalities. Thirty-six eyes were treated by FIK, 46 eyes by SAK, and three eyes using combined SAK + FIK. The cosmetic outcome, patient satisfaction, and occurrence of any related complications were recorded. The cosmetic or visual outcome was assessed through patient-reported feedback, while an independent observer evaluated the cosmetic appearance at the 6th month postoperatively. The mean follow-up period was 13.06 ± 9.9 months (6-53 months).
resultsThe study included 48 males and 37 females. The mean age was 37.8 ± 14.25 (14-77 years). An independent observer assessed the cosmetic outcome as excellent or good in 91.8% of cases. Excellent or good cosmetic outcome was reported by the independent observer in 91.4% of the SAK group, 91.5% of the FIK group, and 100% of SAK + FIK combined. Eighty percent of patients reported cosmetic satisfaction 3 weeks postoperative; 73.9% of SAK group, 86% of FIK group, and 100% of the combined SAK + FIK group were satisfied with their cosmetic outcome. Twelve eyes of SAK and five eyes of FIK group required additional KTP procedures because of color fading and cosmetic unsatisfaction. Post-operative symptoms were photophobia (28.2%), tearing (23.5%), and pain (8.2%). Post-operative complications were dry eye (5.8%), delayed epithelial healing (2.3%), and microbial keratitis (1.1%).
conclusionsThis study confirms that FIK and SAK using micronized mineral pigments are safe and efficient surgical techniques for managing cosmetic and visual disabilities caused by iris abnormalities and cosmetic issues related to corneal scars.
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