ArticleJournal of esthetic and restorative dentistry : official publication of the American Academy of Esthetic Dentistry ... [et al.]2025
The Effect of Cement Shade on the Optical Properties of Additively Manufactured Permanent Crown Materials.
Article in Journal of esthetic and restorative dentistry : official publication of the American Academy of Esthetic Dentistry ... [et al.], 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- The effect of thickness, cement type, and substrate color on the optical properties of three-dimensional-printed composite resin.Journal of Indian Prosthodontic Society · 2026Article
- Article
- Stability of Optical and Mechanical Properties in Multi-Shade, Group-Shade, and Single-Shade Resin Composites.International journal of dentistry · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesTo investigate the effect of cement shade and printing parameters on the optical properties of additively manufactured (AM) permanent crown materials.
methodsTwo AM crown materials (Bego VarseoSmile Crown Plus and Formlabs Permanent Crown) and one conventional milled material were tested (n = 560). Dimensions for each specimen measured 10 × 10 mm and were categorized by thickness (1 and 2 mm). AM materials were additively manufactured (3D-printed) at three orientations: 0°, 45° and 90°. Specimens were cemented with four shades of dual-cure cement: light, neutral, warm, and translucent. Color change (ΔE) and translucency parameter (TP) measurements were calculated utilizing a spectrophotometer, VITA EasyShade V. Data was analyzed with a two- way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc tests.
resultsNeutral cement shade exhibited the lowest ΔE overall (2.30 ± 0.43). Translucent cement shade exhibited the least color difference between materials. Milled materials generally exhibited higher ΔE (5.57 ± 0.26-7.17 ± 0.33) than AM materials. Material thickness significantly affected the ΔE across all shades of cement (p < 0.05). 45° print orientation for 2 mm thick specimens exhibited the greatest clinically acceptable ΔE.
conclusionCement shade may cause clinically unacceptable color changes based on material choice and 3D-printing parameters. Clinicians providing permanent AM crowns must consider the impact of cement shade and printing parameters on aesthetic outcomes.
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