ArticleJournal of biophotonics2025
Evaluating the Intensity of Muscle Contraction by Near-Infrared Spectroscopy, a Potential Application for Scaling Muscle Spasm.
Article in Journal of biophotonics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Preliminary exploration of tissue oxygen saturation index using near-infrared spectroscopy in two infants of neonatal catheter-associated venous thrombosis.BMC pediatrics · 2026Article
- Muscle oxygenation measured by near-infrared spectroscopy during resistance training: A scoping review.Physiological reports · 2026Article
- Non-invasive assessment of muscle spasticity in children with cerebral palsy undergoing botulinum toxin treatment using near-infrared spectroscopy.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2025Article
- Evaluating the Intensity of Muscle Contraction by Near-Infrared Spectroscopy, a Potential Application for Scaling Muscle Spasm.Journal of biophotonics · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Muscle spasticity, common in conditions such as cerebral palsy, spinal cord injury, and multiple sclerosis, is traditionally assessed using the Modified Ashworth Scale, which lacks consistency. This study evaluates near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) as a non-invasive tool for measuring muscle contraction intensity. Thirty-seven healthy adults performed isometric contractions at varying intensities (15%, 30%, 45%, and 60% of maximal voluntary contraction), with NIRS sensors monitoring changes in the Tissue Oxygenation Index (TOI) and electromyography (EMG) measuring muscle activity. Results demonstrated a significant negative correlation between contraction intensity and ΔTOI, indicating that higher contraction levels resulted in greater reductions in muscle oxygenation. Additionally, a multinomial logistic regression model confirmed that TOI could reliably predict contraction intensity (p < 0.001). This technique could provide real-time, objective data for spasticity assessment, potentially improving treatment plans.
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Registered trials
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