ArticleNicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco2025
The Impact of Cigarillo Text Warning Presence and Size on Young Adults' Cigarillo Risk Beliefs, Knowledge, Appeal, and Use Intentions.
Article in Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Perceived Effectiveness of Cigar Warnings Among Young People in the U.S.American journal of preventive medicine · 2026Trial
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
introductionCigar warning labels can serve as health communication tools; yet current cigar warnings in the United States can be small or absent, and efforts to standardize them have met industry resistance, partly because of limited research. AIMS AND
methodsIn 2021, we conducted an online 3 × 2 × 2 factorial experiment with 1352 young adults (aged 18-34) past 12-month cigar users. Participants viewed a cigarillo pack image that varied by: text-only warning size (none; small 15%-of-pack label; larger 30%-of-pack label); warning color (White; Black); and brand (Swisher Sweets; White Owl). We compared group means on risk perceptions, knowledge, and intentions.
resultsPacks with any warning label (vs. none) elicited higher endorsement that the packs made participants think about the health risks of smoking cigarillos (p < .001), as did packs with larger 30%-of-pack versus 15%-of-pack warnings (p < .001). Packs with a warning label (vs. without) elicited greater absolute perceptions of cigarillo harm (p < .001), as did 30%-of-pack versus 15%-of-pack warnings (p < .001). Risks referenced in the stimuli warning (mouth and throat cancer) were more frequently mentioned in an open-ended knowledge item by participants in conditions with a warning label versus the no-warning condition (p < .05). Packs with 30%-of-pack warnings were also rated as less attractive and elicited lower use intentions than packs without a warning or with the 15%-of-pack warning (p < .05).
conclusionsResults provide evidence that cigar text-only warning labels, particularly larger ones, can facilitate some cigar risk knowledge and beliefs, reduce pack appeal, and discourage product interest, supporting policy efforts to strengthen cigar warning requirements. IMPLICATIONS: Our results suggest that the use of the small text warnings on cigarillo packs (~15% of pack size), as currently still found in the United States based on existing Federal Trade Commission agreement guidelines, is better than having no warnings at all, but that larger warnings sized at 30% of the pack (as proposed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and voluntarily used by some brands/manufacturers) could have significant benefits across a range of outcomes. Study findings lend support for the cigar warning requirements proposed by the U.S. FDA through the Deeming Rule.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.