ReviewOpen medicine (Warsaw, Poland)2025
The safety and efficacy of BCG combined with mitomycin C compared with BCG monotherapy in patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Review in Open medicine (Warsaw, Poland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: We sought to determine the efficacy and safety of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) combined with mitomycin C (MMC) compared with BCG monotherapy in intravesical therapies for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Methods: We followed the recommended PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews. Systematic literatures were performed on PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, CNKI, CBM, VIP, Wan Fang, and Clinical Trials.gov. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing BCG combined with MMC and BCG monotherapy in intravesical therapies for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer patients were searched until August 1, 2023. Results: This meta-analysis included 11 RCTs with a total of 1,349 subjects. Compared with BCG monotherapy, BCG combined with MMC was associated with lower disease recurrence rate (relative risk [RR] 0.66, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.56-0.77, Conclusions: BCG combined with MMC was associated with a decreased risk of bladder cancer recurrence and disease progression compared with BCG monotherapy. However, there was no significant difference in the incidence of local adverse events and all-cause mortality between the two groups. Due to the limitations of the number and quality of the included studies, more high-quality RCTs are needed to further explore the efficacy and safety of combined therapies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.