ArticleFrontiers in public health2025
Factors affecting viral suppression or rebound in people living with HIV and receiving antiretroviral therapy in Ghana.
Article in Frontiers in public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Durability of HIV viral suppression in South Africa: a national cohort study.The lancet. HIV · 2026Observational
- Families caring for children living with HIV/AIDS: male care burden and poor health outcomes in a low socioeconomic context of Ghana.BMC public health · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
14 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Introduction: Regular viral load (VL) testing for people living with HIV (PLWH) is key to attaining the Joint United Nations Program on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) Fast-Track 95-95-95 target to end the HIV epidemic by 2030. However, VL testing remains sporadic in routine HIV care in the majority of resource-limited settings, including Ghana, except when provided through research initiatives. In this study, we measured VL among PLWH in Ghana at regular intervals and investigated factors affecting viral suppression (VS) and rebound. Methods: We analyzed data from a hospital-based cohort enrolled in our HIV cure research. Participants were recruited from three hospitals in the Greater Accra region of Ghana. Demographic characteristics were obtained from participants' folders, while CD4 Results: The study participants were predominantly women (68%) with a median age of 45 years (IQR: 21-76 years). A total of 52% of participants had been on antiretroviral therapy (ART) for more than 6 years, and 74% were following dolutegravir-based regimens. At baseline, 74% of participants had a VL of <50 copies/mL, which increased to 88% at 18 months, with 80% having a CD4 Conclusion: A key feature of our study was measuring VL at three time points over 2 years, which may explain the high VS levels observed. Viral rebound was linked to low education levels, highlighting the need for targeted education for PLWH with junior high school (JHS) education or less. Regular VL monitoring and the implementation of measures to prevent viral rebound, particularly among PLWH with lower education levels, will help Ghana move closer to attaining the third "95" of the UNAIDS 95-95-95 target by 2030.
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