Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40175622›Full record

ReviewReviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders2025

Incretins and SGLT-2 inhibitors in diabetic patients with neuroendocrine tumors: current updates and future directions.

Rosaria M Ruggeri, Erika Maria Grossrubatscher, Eleonora Ciocca, Iderina Hasballa, Simona Jaafar, Monica Oldani, Manila Rubino, Flaminia Russo, Andrea M Isidori, Annamaria Colao and 2 more

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Diabetes and cancer: glucose control impact on survival and tumor outcomes.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2026
    Review
  3. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Rosaria M RuggeriEndocrinology, Department of Human Pathology of Adulthood and Childhood DETEV, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-8899-684X
Erika Maria GrossrubatscherEndocrine Unit, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-7234-7618
Eleonora CioccaDepartment of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.ORCID 0009-0007-6554-3443
Iderina HasballaEndocrinology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (DIMI), University of Genoa, 16132, Genoa, Italy.ORCID 0009-0003-7363-571X
Simona JaafarDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy.ORCID 0009-0002-6045-2992
Monica OldaniLaboratory of Geriatric and Oncologic Neuroendocrinology Research, IRCCS, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-1512-8926
Manila RubinoOnco-Endocrinology Unit, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-2094-9438
Flaminia RussoEndocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society (ENETS) Center of Excellence, Sapienza University of Rome, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-4703-4358
Andrea M IsidoriDepartment of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-9037-5417
Annamaria ColaoEndocrinology, Diabetology and Andrology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-4049-2559
Antongiulio FaggianoEndocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society (ENETS) Center of Excellence, Sapienza University of Rome, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy. antongiulio.faggiano@uniroma1.it.ORCID 0000-0002-9324-3946
NIKE group

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Neuroendocrine tumors (NET) are frequently associated with glycemic disorders, such as prediabetes or diabetes, which may result from either surgical or medical treatments or hormonal hypersecretion by the tumor itself. Moreover, pre-existing diabetes is a known risk factor for NET development, with metabolic control and antidiabetic therapies potentially influencing tumor progression. The complex interplay between diabetes and NET, which share several molecular pathways, has spurred interest in the anti-cancer effects of antidiabetic medications. This is particularly relevant as new antidiabetic drugs continue to emerge, including sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors and incretin-based therapies, such as dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonists and dual GIP/GLP- 1 R agonists. This review explores the impact of these novel pharmacological options on NET development and progression through a comprehensive analysis of pre-clinical and clinical studies, with the purpose to evaluate safety and feasibility of introducing these drugs in the treatment of NETs patients. We conducted a comprehensive search of online databases, including PubMed, ISI Web of Science, and Scopus, for studies assessing the therapeutic effects and potential mechanisms of action of incretins and SGLT2 inhibitors in patients with NET. These novel antidiabetic drugs exhibit promising anticancer properties, potentially inhibiting tumor cell proliferation and inducing apoptosis, though concerns about certain cancer risks remain. Based on current evidence, the benefits of incretin-based therapies outweigh any potential cancer risks, leading to the proposal of tailored management algorithms for diabetes in NET patients, factoring in the diabetes aetiology, comorbidities, and life expectancy.

Indexed as

Diabetes MellitusDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Hypoglycemic AgentsIncretinsNeuroendocrine TumorsSodium-Glucose Transporter 2 InhibitorsAnimalsHumansHypoglycemic AgentsIncretinsSodium-Glucose Transporter 2 InhibitorsDiabetesDual GIP/GLP-1R agonistsGLP-1R agonists–DPP-4 inhibitorsNeuroendocrine tumorsSGLT-2 inhibitors

Identifiers

PMID40175622
PMCPMC12316766

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.