Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40175349›Full record

ArticleNature communications2025

Flexible intelligent microwave metasurface with shape-guided adaptive programming.

Fan Li, Taisong Pan, Weihan Li, Zujun Peng, Dengji Guo, Xiang Jia, Taiqi Hu, Lingxiao Wang, Wei Wang, Min Gao and 6 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Bamboo-Slip-Inspired Conformal Reconfigurable Metasurfaces.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Curvy Surface Reconstruction.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026
    Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Fan LiSchool of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0008-7484-3760
Taisong PanSchool of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China. tspan@uestc.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1576-3409
Weihan LiState Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves and Institute of Electromagnetic Space, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9837-2563
Zujun PengInstitute of Flexible Electronics Technology of THU, Jiaxing, China.
Dengji GuoSchool of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
Xiang JiaSchool of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
Taiqi HuSchool of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
Lingxiao WangSchool of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
Wei WangInstitute of Flexible Electronics Technology of THU, Jiaxing, China.
Min GaoSchool of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3899-2933
Guang YaoSchool of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6662-2422
Le ZuoThe 29th Research Institute of China Electronics Technology Group Corporation, Chengdu, China.
Mei BiSchool of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
Xiaolong WengSchool of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
Wenxuan TangState Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves and Institute of Electromagnetic Space, Southeast University, Nanjing, China. wenxuant@seu.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8987-1870
Yuan LinSchool of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China. linyuan@uestc.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9879-4341

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 52021001National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 61825102National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 62271118National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) U21A20460
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Empowering the reconfigurable metasurfaces (RM) with the capability to be mechanically deformable highlights the possibility to manipulate the electromagnetic (EM) wave across arbitrary surfaces. Such ambition is hampered by the absence of adaptivity to shape variation in current programming strategies for RM. Herein, we present a flexible intelligent surface platform (FISP) as a solution to achieve flexible RM with highly stable performance under dynamic deformation. The geometry acquisition module in FISP enables real-time awareness of RM's deformation with the conformal sensor array. By merging the actual shape of flexible RM into the input of the adaptive algorithm driven by the artificial neural network, the deformed flexible RM in FISP can be autonomously encoded by the bias voltage supply module to ensure robust performance under various deformation conditions. The versatility of FISP in manipulating EM waves is demonstrated by its applications in electromagnetic illusion, carpet cloaking, and data transmission, illustrating the prospects for seamlessly integrating flexible electronics and RM in the development of future EM metasurfaces.

Identifiers

PMID40175349
PMCPMC11965423

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.