Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40174642›Full record

ArticleJournal of advanced research2026

Multifunctional nanoplatform for tumor chemodynamic and self-amplified photodynamic cascade therapy.

Xingyu Luo, Haifeng Qi, Manqi Yan, Tong Xu, Ting Wu, Yin Ding, Wei Han

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of advanced research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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  3. Review
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  5. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Xingyu LuoDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China. Electronic address: 978484589@qq.com.
Haifeng QiCollege of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China. Electronic address: 2356359195@qq.com.
Manqi YanCollege of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China. Electronic address: 652023340042@smail.nju.edu.cn.
Tong XuDepartment of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210068, China. Electronic address: 2578065779@qq.com.
Ting WuDepartment of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210068, China. Electronic address: fsyy00598@njucm.edu.cn.
Yin DingState Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210033, China. Electronic address: dingyin@nju.edu.cn.
Wei HanDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China. Electronic address: doctorhanwei@nju.edu.cn.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introduction5-Aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA)-based photodynamic therapy (PDT) has demonstrated considerable potential in breast cancer treatment. However, its efficacy is limited by low tissue selectivity and the rapid conversion of 5-ALA to non-photosensitive heme in tumor tissues, reducing its therapeutic effectiveness.

objectivesThis study aims to develop a multifunctional nanomedicine to enhance 5-ALA's PDT efficacy while introducing chemodynamic therapy (CDT) for synergistic tumor inhibition. By designing a zinc-ion-doped cuprous metal-organic framework (MOF) nanocarrier loaded with 5-ALA (5-ALA@Zn-CuTz), we seek to improve tumor targeting, prolong photosensitizer retention, and enhance therapeutic outcomes.

methodsTo enhance biocompatibility and active tumor targeting, the surface of 5-ALA@Zn-CuTz nanoparticles (NPs) was modified with a platelet membrane (PM), forming 5-ALA@Zn-CuTz@PM NPs. The therapeutic efficacy was evaluated in vitro and in vivo using mice breast cancer models. Cellular uptake, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and tumor inhibition efficiency were analyzed through fluorescence imaging, biochemical assays, and histological analysis.

resultsUpon intravenous administration, 5-ALA@Zn-CuTz@PM NPs selectively accumulated in breast cancer cells. Within the tumor, Zn

conclusion5-ALA@Zn-CuTz@PM NPs effectively enhance PDT efficacy through selective tumor targeting and HO-1 inhibition while simultaneously leveraging CDT for additional tumor suppression. The combined PDT/CDT strategy demonstrated superior therapeutic outcomes, highlighting the potential of this nanoplatform as a promising approach for breast cancer treatment.

Indexed as

Aminolevulinic AcidBreast NeoplasmsNanoparticlesPhotochemotherapyPhotosensitizing AgentsAnimalsCell Line, TumorFemaleHumansMetal-Organic FrameworksMiceMice, Inbred BALB CReactive Oxygen SpeciesXenograft Model Antitumor AssaysAminolevulinic AcidMetal-Organic FrameworksPhotosensitizing AgentsReactive Oxygen Species5-Aminolevulinic AcidChemodynamic therapyHeme oxygenase-1Metal-Organic FrameworksPhotodynamic therapy

Identifiers

PMID40174642
PMCPMC12766176

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.