Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40173221›Full record

ArticleScience advances2025

Sustainable regeneration of 20 aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases in a reconstituted system toward self-synthesizing artificial systems.

Katsumi Hagino, Keiko Masuda, Yoshihiro Shimizu, Norikazu Ichihashi

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Science advances, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
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  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Genetically Encoded Control ofACS synthetic biology · 2025
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Building a Synthetic Cell Together.Nature communications · 2025
    Review
  11. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Katsumi HaginoDepartment of Life Science, Graduate School of Arts and Science, University of Tokyo, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan.ORCID 0009-0000-7569-1166
Keiko MasudaLaboratory for Cell-Free Protein Synthesis, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research (BDR), Suita, Osaka 565-0874, Japan.
Yoshihiro ShimizuLaboratory for Cell-Free Protein Synthesis, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research (BDR), Suita, Osaka 565-0874, Japan.ORCID 0000-0003-3499-1394
Norikazu IchihashiDepartment of Life Science, Graduate School of Arts and Science, University of Tokyo, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan.ORCID 0000-0001-7087-2718

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In vitro construction of self-reproducible artificial systems is a major challenge in bottom-up synthetic biology. Here, we developed a reconstituted system capable of sustainably regenerating all 20 aminoacyl-transfer RNA synthetases (AARS), which are major components of the translation system. To achieve this, we needed five types of improvements: (i) optimization of AARS sequences for efficient translation, (ii) optimization of the composition of the translation system to enhance translation, (iii) employment of another bacterial AlaRS and SerRS to improve each aminoacylation activity, (iv) diminishing the translational inhibition caused by certain AARS sequences by codon optimization and EF-P addition, and (v) balancing the DNA concentrations of 20 AARS to match each requirement. After these improvements, we succeeded in the sustainable regeneration of all 20 AARS for up to 20 cycles of 2.5-fold serial dilutions. These methodologies and results provide a substantial advancement toward the realization of self-reproducible artificial systems.

Indexed as

Amino Acyl-tRNA SynthetasesSynthetic BiologyCodonEscherichia coliProtein BiosynthesisAmino Acyl-tRNA SynthetasesCodon

Identifiers

PMID40173221
PMCPMC11963985

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.