ArticleThe Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism2025
Effects of 1-Month Very-Low-Calorie Ketogenic Diet on 24-Hour Energy Metabolism and Body Composition in Women With Obesity.
Article in The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Six- and Twelve-Month Changes in Body Composition and 24-h Energy Expenditure After a Very Low-Calorie Ketogenic Diet.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2026Observational
- Prehabilitation in Obese Patients with Ventral Hernia: A Narrative Review and Proposal of a Clinical Algorithm.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- A Novel Evaluation of 24-hour Energy Metabolism in Cushing's Syndrome: The Metabolic Cost of Hypercortisolism.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2026Article
- Adaptive Ketogenic-Mediterranean Protocol (AKMP) in Real Clinical Practice: 14-Week Pre-Post Cohort Study on Glucolipid Markers and Safety.Nutrients · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
15 authors.
Funding
Abstract
contextVery-low-calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD) is used for weight loss and management of obesity-related comorbidities.
objectiveWe aimed at evaluating the effects of VLCKD on body composition and energy metabolism.
methodsThis prospective outpatient study included 17 women with obesity (mean age 41.6 years; body mass index 37.5 kg/m2) who followed a 1-month VLCKD (700-800 kcal/day, carbohydrate 11%, fat 46%, protein 43%) at the University Hospital of Pisa. Measurements of 24-hour energy expenditure (24hEE) and substrate oxidation were conducted in a metabolic chamber at day 1 (V1), day 8 (V2), and day 29 (V3). Body composition was assessed by Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Twenty-two women with obesity fed a balanced isocaloric diet served as controls.
resultsCompared with controls, carbohydrate oxidation (CarbOx) was lower, whereas fat oxidation (FatOx) and protein oxidation (ProtOx) were higher in the VLCKD group at V1. CarbOx decreased by 65%, while FatOx increased by 11% at V3. The rate of ProtOx was already higher than in controls at V1 and remained stable throughout the study. After 1 month, body weight decreased by 7%, reflecting an 8.8% reduction in fat mass and a 5.6% reduction in lean soft tissue (LST). A 10% decrease in 24hEE and 24-hour sleeping metabolic rate was observed at V3 compared with V1.
conclusionVLCKD promotes weight loss in women with obesity. Our findings highlight the shift in energy metabolism towards increased FatOx accompanied by a modest increase in protein oxidation, a decrease in LST and a reduction in EE.
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