ArticlePsychiatric research and clinical practice2025
Incidence of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Between 2016 and 2023: A Retrospective Cohort.
Article in Psychiatric research and clinical practice, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Autism Spectrum Disorder Incidence by Age and Sex in a US Health Care System, 2016 to 2024.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- The Incidence of AD(H)D-Spectrum Disorders in Adults: An Analysis of Nationwide Claims Data of the Statutory Health Insurance System in Germany, 2015-2024.Deutsches Arzteblatt international · 2025Article
- From ADHD Diagnosis to Meaning: Does Grief Theory Enhance Our Understanding of Narrative Reconstruction?Brain sciences · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objective: The present retrospective cohort study sought to advance our understanding of the incidence and recent trends in new ADHD diagnoses among adolescents and adults between 2016 and 2023 in a clinical setting. Method: Participants ( Results: In adults, a significant (-10.6%; 95% CI -25.0%, -2.8%) downward trend in ADHD incidence was observed from 2016 to 2020, whereas a significant (+15.2%; 95% CI: 2.0%, 40.3%) upward trend was indicated from 2020 to 2023. Among adolescents, a significant (-26.1%; 95% CI: -33.4%, -14.4%) downward trend was observed between 2016 and 2018, while the incidence rate remained stable during 2018-2023. Conclusions: This study is one of the largest retrospective cohort studies to investigate the incidence of new ADHD diagnoses among adolescents and adults in clinical practice, including before, during, and after the height of the COVID-19 pandemic. Results indicate fluctuations in the incidence rates of new ADHD diagnoses in recent years, with well-defined trends observed for adolescents and adults. Future directions should include the investigation of the underlying factors contributing to these diagnostic trends. Relevance to clinical practice: Advancing our understanding of diagnostic trends in clinical practice promotes accurate diagnosis and improved management of ADHD. Study findings support future investigation in identifying potential modifiable risk factors, ensuring sufficient treatment resources, developing targeted interventions, and addressing diagnostic disparities.
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Registered trials
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