Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40170832›Full record

ArticleEcology and evolution2025

Ritualistic Male-Male Combat of the Northern King Cobra (

David Roman Bontrager, Jack T Christie, Andrew J Pierce, Taksin Artchawakom, Surachit Waengsothorn, Max Dolton Jones

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Ecology and evolution, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

David Roman BontragerDepartment of Biological Sciences Boise State University Boise Idaho USA.
Jack T ChristieSakaerat Environmental Research Station Nakhon Ratchasima Thailand.
Andrew J PierceSakaerat Environmental Research Station Nakhon Ratchasima Thailand.
Taksin ArtchawakomSakaerat Environmental Research Station Nakhon Ratchasima Thailand.
Surachit WaengsothornSakaerat Environmental Research Station Nakhon Ratchasima Thailand.
Max Dolton JonesSakaerat Environmental Research Station Nakhon Ratchasima Thailand.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3556-9796

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Ritualistic male-male combat is exhibited by several snake species, and is accepted as a given natural history trait for king cobras. However, there are no detailed accounts of combat behavior in king cobras in the primary literature, despite this understanding and anecdotal reporting (e.g., via social media posts). The recent taxonomic split of the king cobra species complex has increased our overall understanding of king cobras, but has narrowed the applicability of accepted knowledge across the four novel species. Here, we document three direct and indirect observations of ritualistic male-male combat in the newly revised northern king cobra (

Indexed as

breeding behaviorcompetitionElapidaenatural historyreproductionsexual dimorphismsnake

Identifiers

PMID40170832
PMCPMC11949763

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.