ArticleJournal of neurodevelopmental disorders2025
Brain structure in triple X syndrome: regional gray matter volume and cortical thickness in adult women with 47,XXX karyotype.
Article in Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Clinical phenotype, gonadal development, and comorbidity spectrum in 43 children with triple X syndrome: a single-center retrospective descriptive case series with cytogenetic refinement in patients with and without X-monosomy-containing cell lines.Translational pediatrics · 2026Article
- Elevated autistic traits and social anxiety, and reduced empathy in adult women with triple X syndrome.Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders · 2025Article
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6 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundChanges in the brain structure of women with Triple X syndrome (karyotype 47,XXX) have been described in a few studies to date, including reduced total brain volume and regional reductions in gray substance in cortical and subcortical areas. However, the empirical evidence from adults is very limited and group comparison on a voxel-wise basis for gray matter volume and cortical thickness is still missing.
methodsUsing voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and surface-based morphometry (SBM), we investigated regional gray matter changes in a sample of n = 20 adult women (aged 18-49 years) with 47,XXX karyotype using T1-weighted 3T MRI scans.
resultsCompared to an age- and education-matched control group (and controlled for differences in total intracranial volume), the VBM revealed decreased regional gray matter volumes in the hippocampus, amygdala, parts of the basal ganglia, insula, prefrontal areas and cerebellum. To a lesser extent, we also noted specific reductions in cortical thickness in a smaller part of those regions.
conclusionThe observed network is significantly involved in the processing of cognitive, affective, and social stimuli and might be a potential neuronal correlate of the autism-like social-cognitive problems described in 47,XXX in the literature.
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