ArticleArthritis research & therapy2025
Higher levels of VEGF-A and TNFα in patients with immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced inflammatory arthritis.
Article in Arthritis research & therapy, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- The Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Journey: From Early Promise to Lasting Impact.Journal of immunotherapy and precision oncology · 2026Review
- Anti-PD-1 Therapy and Long-Term Toxic Effects Among Patients With Melanoma.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Associated Inflammatory Arthritis.Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2026Review
- Optimizing management of immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced inflammatory arthritis: A case series and literature review.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2026Article
- Tagatose attenuates streptococcus mutans-induced dental caries by modulating oral microbiota and inflammatory responses in mice.BMC microbiology · 2026Article
- Immune checkpoint inhibitor-related arthritis and oral disorders: shared pathophysiology and clinical implications for rheumatology and oral health.Cancer cell international · 2025Review
- Inflammatory and Oxidative Biological Profiles in Mental Disorders: Perspectives on Diagnostics and Personalized Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Two clinical subgroups of immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced inflammatory arthritis determined by latent class analysis.Seminars in arthritis and rheumatism · 2025Article
- Targeting Neuropilin-1 for Cancer Pain Treatment: A Trial With Potential for Clinical Translation.Cancer control : journal of the Moffitt Cancer CenterReview
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), a type of cancer immunotherapy, can cause side effects including inflammatory arthritis (ICI-IA). Previous studies of ICI-IA do not include a thorough characterization of associated immune responses to provide potential targets for treatment. We aimed to identify cytokines uniquely increased in ICI-IA and determine correlations with IA severity and persistence.
methodsWe evaluated patients diagnosed with ICI-IA by a rheumatologist (n = 80); control serum was obtained from ICI-treated cancer patients without any diagnosed irAEs (n = 17) or diagnosed with an unrelated irAE (n = 19). Serum was assayed to quantify 9 cytokine levels (IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12p70, IL-1α, TNF-α, IL-17a, VEGF-A) using MSD U-PLEX assay. Mann-Whitney U tests were performed to evaluate differences in cytokine levels between control and ICI-IA groups. The Kruskal-Wallis test and multivariable ordinal logistic regression were used to determine difference in cytokine levels between patients of differing disease activity.
resultsVEGF-A and TNFα were significantly elevated in patients with ICI-IA compared to ICI-controls; results persisted when restricting analyses to patients not treated with immunosuppressants at the time of sampling. ICI-IA patients were stratified by IA severity using CDAI score; there was significantly higher VEGF-A in those with higher disease activity. Ordinal logistic regression showed higher levels of IL-6 and VEGF-A were associated with higher disease activity.
conclusionElevated levels of VEGF-A and TNFα are associated with ICI-IA. There was also higher IL-6 and VEGF-A among those with higher disease activity when controlling for confounding. These cytokines could be used as biomarkers of ICI-IA severity and present therapeutic targets.
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