Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40168990›Full record

ReviewImmunity2025

Immunological drivers of zoonotic virus emergence, evolution, and endemicity.

Jyothi N Purushotham, Holly L Lutz, Edyth Parker, Kristian G Andersen

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Immunity, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Jyothi N PurushothamDepartment of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA; Scripps Research Translational Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Holly L LutzDenver Museum of Nature and Science, Denver, CO, USA.
Edyth ParkerThe Institute of Genomics and Global Health (IGH), Redeemer's University, Ede, Osun, Nigeria.
Kristian G AndersenDepartment of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA; Scripps Research Translational Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA. Electronic address: andersen@scripps.edu.

Funding

Technology CoreU19AI135995 · NIAID · SCRIPPS RESEARCH INSTITUTE, THE · PI Laura D. Hughes · 2018 to 2026
$32.0M
Scripps Clinical and Translational Science HubUM1TR004407 · NCATS · SCRIPPS RESEARCH INSTITUTE, THE · PI Eric Jeffrey Topol · 2023 to 2026
$24.2M
West African Emerging Infectious Disease Research Center (WA-EIDRC)U01AI151812 · NIAID · SCRIPPS RESEARCH INSTITUTE, THE · PI ANDERSEN, KRISTIAN GRAUGAARD, GARRY, ROBERT F · 2020 to 2024
$13.2M
CTSA K12 Program at The Scripps Research InstituteK12TR004410 · NCATS · SCRIPPS RESEARCH INSTITUTE, THE · PI Laura Nicholson, Athena Philis-Tsimikas · 2023 to 2026
$3.9M
NCATS NIH HHS K12 TR004410NCATS NIH HHS UM1 TR004407NIAID NIH HHS U01 AI151812NIAID NIH HHS U19 AI135995
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The disruption of natural ecosystems caused by climate change and human activity is amplifying the risk of zoonotic spillover, presenting a growing global health threat. In the past two decades, the emergence of multiple zoonotic viruses has exposed critical gaps in our ability to predict epidemic trajectories and implement effective interventions. RNA viruses, in particular, are challenging to control due to their high mutation rates and ability to adapt and evade immune defenses. To better prepare for future outbreaks, it is vital that we deepen our understanding of the factors driving viral emergence, transmission, and persistence in human populations. Specifically, deciphering the interactions between antibody-mediated immunity and viral evolution will be key. In this perspective, we explore these dynamic relationships and highlight research priorities that may guide the development of more effective strategies to mitigate the impact of emerging infectious diseases.

Indexed as

Communicable Diseases, EmergingRNA VirusesViral ZoonosesZoonosesAnimalsBiological EvolutionEndemic DiseasesEvolution, MolecularHumansemerging infectious diseaseshumoral immunityimmune imprintingviral evolutionzoonotic spillover

Identifiers

PMID40168990
PMCPMC11981831

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.