Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40168400›Full record

ArticlePloS one2025

Barriers and enablers for the deployment of large language model-based conversational robots for older adults: A protocol for a systematic review of qualitative studies.

Ravi Shankar, Anjali Bundele, Amartya Mukhopadhyay

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Ravi ShankarResearch and Innovation, Medical Affairs, Alexandra Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore.ORCID 0009-0005-5578-3481
Anjali BundeleResearch and Innovation, Medical Affairs, Alexandra Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore.
Amartya MukhopadhyayDivision of Respiratory & Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundArtificial intelligence-powered conversational agents have immense potential to provide social companionship and support for older adults. However, the deployment of large language model (LLM)-based conversational robots for seniors faces various technical, user acceptance, and ethical challenges.

objectivesThis systematic review aims to synthesize insights from prior qualitative studies to identify key factors that influence the real-world application of LLM-based conversational agents for the aging population. The review will inform the user-centered design of these technologies, policy discussions on their governance, and highlight research gaps. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: Eleven electronic databases will be searched for qualitative studies exploring stakeholder perspectives on using AI chatbots and robots to assist seniors. Two reviewers will independently screen studies, extract data, and appraise methodological quality using the JBI checklist. Thematic analysis will be conducted to identify major barriers and enablers, and confidence in review findings will be assessed using the GRADE-CERQual approach. The review will adhere to PRISMA-P and ENTREQ reporting guidelines to ensure transparency. DISCUSSION: Understanding and addressing obstacles to implementing LLM-powered conversational agents for older adults is crucial for leveraging this technology to support the well-being of the rapidly aging global population. This systematic review will provide timely insights to guide the responsible development and deployment of AI companions for seniors.

trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov CRD42024601264.

Indexed as

Large Language ModelsRoboticsAgedCommunicationHumansQualitative ResearchSystematic Reviews as Topic

Identifiers

PMID40168400
PMCPMC11960934

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.