ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2025
Lung B cells in ectopic germinal centers undergo affinity maturation.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed.
- Targeting T follicular helper cells for lifelong health.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2026Review
- Germinal center responses at barrier organ sites.Current opinion in immunology · 2026Review
- Counteracting Influenza Virus Evolution Through the Full Spectrum of Broadly Protective Antibodies.Immunological reviews · 2026Review
- B cell-intrinsic CXCR3 drives efficient generation of ectopic pulmonary germinal center responses to influenza A virus infection.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Highlights of 2025: advances in germinal centers.Immunology and cell biology · 2026Review
- Review
- Tweaking the Complex Fibrogenic Role of Lymphocytes in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis.Tuberculosis and respiratory diseases · 2026Article
- Extrafollicular and other non-germinal center B cell responses.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2026Review
- Spatial Profiling of Germinal Centers in Mouse Secondary Lymphoid Organs Using MACSima Imaging Cyclic Staining Technology.European journal of immunology · 2026Article
- Integrin β3 deficiency unleashes spontaneous pulmonary inflammation by promoting B cell hyperactivation via the CD40-CD40L axis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Not all plasma cells are made equal: well-hidden layers of heterogeneity.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Mucosal delivery of influenza antigens using a replication deficient adenovirus supports broadly reactive antibody responses and heterologous viral immunity in the respiratory tract of animals.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Tertiary Lymphoid Structures Across Organs: Context, Composition, and Clinical Levers.Immunological reviews · 2025Review
- Role of Fibroblast-Immune Crosstalk in Kidney, Lung, and Skin Tertiary Lymphoid Structures.Immunological reviews · 2025Review
- Tertiary Lymphoid Structures in Tuberculosis: Persistence, Protection, and Pathology.Immunological reviews · 2025Review
- Lung B cells in ectopic germinal centers undergo affinity maturation.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The lungs are constantly exposed to the external environment and a myriad of antigenic challenges within the air. Chronic exposure to allergens and other airborne antigens can result in the formation of lymphocyte aggregates in the lung, which can harbor ectopic germinal centers (GCs). After allergen exposure, GCs that form in the lung are much smaller and less densely packed with B cells than lymph node GCs. Despite this, ectopic lung GCs support somatic hypermutation and affinity-based maturation as in lymph node GCs, and export memory B cells (MBCs) directly into the lung tissue. This demonstrates that the lung can locally diversify B cell responses and supports the generation of tissue MBC populations in situ.
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