ArticlemedRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences2025
Brain Aging in Specific Phobia: An ENIGMA-Anxiety Mega-Analysis.
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74 authors.
Kimberly V BlakeDepartment of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.ORCID 0000-0002-4376-5658
Kevin HilbertDepartment of Psychology, Health and Medical University Erfurt, Erfurt, Germany.
Jonathan C IpserDepartment of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Laura K M HanCentre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Orygen, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
Janna Marie Bas-HoogendamDepartment of Developmental and Educational Psychology Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Fredrik ÅhsDepartment of Psychology and Social Work, Mid Sweden University, Östersund, Sweden.
Jochen BauerUniversity Clinic for Radiology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
Katja Beesdo-BaumBehavioral Epidemiology, Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, TUD - Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany.
Johannes BjörkstrandDepartment of Psychology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
Laura Blanco-HinojoMRI Research Unit, Department of Radiology, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain.
Joscha BöhnleinInstitute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
Robin BülowInstitute of Diagnostic Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
Marta CanoSant Pau Mental Health Research Group, Institut de Recerca Sant Pau (IR SANT PAU), Barcelona, Spain.
Narcis CardonerSant Pau Mental Health Research Group, Institut de Recerca Sant Pau (IR SANT PAU), Barcelona, Spain.
Xavier CaserasCentre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales.
Udo DannlowskiInstitute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
Mats FredriksonDepartment of Psychology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Liesbet GoossensDepartment of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Hans J GrabeDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
Dominik GrotegerdInstitute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
Tim HahnInstitute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
Alfons HammInstitute of Psychology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
Ingmar HeinigInstitute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
Martin J HerrmannDepartment of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
David HofmannInstitute of Medical Psychology and Systems Neuroscience, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
Hamidreza JamalabadiDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
Andreas JansenDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
Merel KindtUniversity of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Tilo KircherDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
Anna L KlahnDepartment of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Katja KoelkebeckLVR-University Hospital Essen, Medical Faculty, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
Axel KrugDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
Elisabeth J LeehrInstitute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
Martin LotzeFunctional Imaging Unit, Institute of Diagnostic Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
Juergen MargrafMental Health Research and Treatment Center, Ruhr-Universitaet Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
Markus MuehlhanDepartment of Psychology, Faculty of Human Sciences, MSH Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.
Igor NenadićDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
Wenceslao PeñateDepartment of Clinical Psychology, Psychobiology and Methodology, University of La Laguna, La Laguna, Spain.
Andre PittigTranslational Psychotherapy, Institute of Psychology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
Jens PlagFaculty of Medicine, Institute for Mental Health and Behavioral Medicine, HMU Health and Medical University Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany.
Jesús PujolMRI Research Unit, Department of Radiology, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain.
Jan RichterInstitute of Psychology, University of Hildesheim, Hildesheim, Germany.
Isabelle C RidderbuschDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
Francisco RiveroUniversidad Europea de Canarias, La Orotava, Spain.
Axel SchäferBender Institute of Neuroimaging, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.
Judith SchäferInstitute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
Anne SchienleUniversity of Graz, Graz, Austria.
Elisabeth SchrammenInstitute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
Koen SchruersDepartment of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Esther SeidlSBA Research, Vienna, Austria.
Rudolf M StarkDepartment of Psychotherapy and Systems Neuroscience, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.
Benjamin StraubeDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
Thomas StraubeDepartment of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
Andreas StröhleDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Lea TeutenbergDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
Sophia I ThomopoulosImaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, California, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0046-4070
Carlos Ventura-BortDepartment of Psychology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany.
Renee M VisserUniversity of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0003-0376-8165
Henry VölzkeInstitute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
Albert WabneggerUniversity of Graz, Graz, Austria.
Julia WendtDepartment of Biological Psychology and Affective Science, Faculty of Human Sciences, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany.
Hans-Ulrich WittchenDepartment of Psychiatry, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany.
Katharina WittfeldDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
Yunbo YangDepartment of Experimental Psychopathology, Institute for Psychology, Hildesheim University, Hildesheim, Germany.
Anna ZilverstandDepartment of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4889-9700
Peter ZwanzgerDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
Lianne SchmaalCentre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Orygen, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
Moji AghajaniInstitute of Education & Child Studies, Section Forensic Family & Youth Care, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Daniel S PineEmotion and Development Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Paul M ThompsonImaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, California, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4720-8867
Nic J A van der WeeDepartment of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0003-3235-1633
Dan J SteinDepartment of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Ulrike LuekenDepartment of Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Nynke A GroenewoldDepartment of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Funding
fMRI Studies Of Pediatric Mood And Anxiety DisordersZIAMH002781 · NIMH · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH · PI PINE, DANIEL · 2009 to 2025
$41.5MTraining U54EB020403 · NIBIB · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI THOMPSON, PAUL M · 2014 to 2018
$10.1MFmri Studies Of Pediatric Mood And Anxiety DisordersZ01MH002781 · NIMH · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH · PI PINE, DANIEL · 2002 to 2008
$1.5MIntramural NIH HHS Z01 MH002781Intramural NIH HHS ZIA MH002781NIBIB NIH HHS U54 EB020403
Abstract
Introduction: Specific phobia (SPH) is a prevalent anxiety disorder and may involve advanced biological aging. However, brain age research in psychiatry has primarily examined mood and psychotic disorders. This mega-analysis investigated brain aging in SPH participants within the ENIGMA-Anxiety Working Group. Methods: 3D brain Results: No significant group difference in brain-PAD manifested ( Conclusions: Brain aging did not relate to SPH in the full sample. However, a diagnosis-by-age interaction was observed across analyses, and was strongest in formally diagnosed SPH. Post-hoc analyses showed a subtle advanced brain aging in young adults with formally diagnosed SPH. Taken together, these findings indicate the importance of clinical severity, impairment and persistence, and may suggest a slightly earlier end to maturational processes or subtle decline of brain structure in SPH.
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brain agebrain morphometrymachine learningmega-analysisneuroimagingPhobic disorders
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