Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40166405›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in psychology2025

Cross-cultural validation of the profile of mood scale: evaluation of the psychometric properties of short screening versions.

Ileana Schmalbach, Bjarne Schmalbach, Alireza Aghababa, Ralf Brand, Yu-Kai Chang, Muhammet Cihat Çiftçi, Hassan Elsangedy, Jesús Fernández Gavira, Zhijian Huang, Hafrún Kristjánsdóttir and 8 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in psychology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

18 authors.

Ileana SchmalbachDepartment of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Johannes-Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
Bjarne SchmalbachDepartment of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Johannes-Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
Alireza AghababaDepartment of Sport Psychology, Sport Sciences Research Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
Ralf BrandSport and Exercise Psychology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany.
Yu-Kai ChangDepartment of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Muhammet Cihat ÇiftçiDepartment of Sport Sciences, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara, Türkiye.
Hassan ElsangedyDepartment of Physical Education, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.
Jesús Fernández GaviraDepartment of Physical Education and Sports, University of Seville, Seville, Spain.
Zhijian HuangDepartment of Physical Education, Hubei University, Wuhan, China.
Hafrún KristjánsdóttirDepartment of Sport Science, Reykjavik University, Reykjavik, Iceland.
Luca MalliaDepartment of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome Foro Italico, Rome, Italy.
Sanaz NosratDepartment of Health Sciences, Lehman College, City University of New York, New York, NY, United States.
Caterina PesceDepartment of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome Foro Italico, Rome, Italy.
Daði RafnssonDepartment of Sport Science, Reykjavik University, Reykjavik, Iceland.
Daniel Medina RebolloDepartment of Physical Education and Sports, University of Seville, Seville, Spain.
Sinika TimmeSport and Exercise Psychology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany.
Elmar BrählerDepartment of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Johannes-Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
Katja PetrowskiDepartment of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Johannes-Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The Profile of Mood States (POMS) is one of the most widely applied scales for measuring mood. Considering the advantages of short scales and increased international research, the aim of the present study was to evaluate cross-culturally the psychometric properties of a short 16-item version of the POMS. Data were collected from 15,693 participants across 10 different countries worldwide. Initially, we identified the original versions of the POMS in various languages. Subsequently, we selected 16 items based on the previously validated short form (POMS-16) for analysis. Psychometric properties of the POMS were then evaluated in samples from each studied population for each language version. Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to assess its invariance across age groups and gender, alongside reliability estimation. Most language versions of the POMS-16 showed a good fit with the four-factor model, except for the Chinese (traditional) and Turkish versions. Reliability was generally high, except for the

Indexed as

affectconfirmatory factor analysismoodpsychometric evaluationsurvey research

Identifiers

PMID40166405
PMCPMC11955696

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.