ArticlebioRxiv : the preprint server for biology2025
Article in bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Deep learning (DL) has excelled in tissue image classification, presenting opportunities to discover biological behaviors escaping visual inspection. However, the methods to produce fine-grained insights from spatially scattered information do not exist. Here, we introduce Delta-Marches, a framework for mechanistic interpretability that leverages generative models to produce high-fidelity images from semantic latent representations. By identifying directions in this space corresponding to class transitions, we simulate controlled morphological changes between classes. Comparing each image to its class-shifted counterpart enables a secondary model to nominate features most affected by the shift. This approach overcomes sample-to-sample variability and yields idealized, interpretable transformations at subcellular resolution. We prototype the approach in the context of histopathological grading of clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Delta-Marches generate synthetic grade transitions indistinguishable from real images and autonomously pinpoints nuclear enlargement and increased nucleolar count in tumor cells as key properties of higher grades - features identifiable only through the method's subcellular precision. In addition to these features mirroring clinical criteria, it also reveals reduced vasculature, a pattern reported in multiple studies but absent from standard grading rubrics. These results indicate Delta-March's potential to convert complex and spatially-distributed features into rules for image classification.
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.