ArticleAmerican journal of human biology : the official journal of the Human Biology Council2025
Detection of Anemia in Schoolchildren Aged 6-18 Years With Hematocrit Percentile Charts and the Impact of Economic Status in Southern Brazil.
Article in American journal of human biology : the official journal of the Human Biology Council, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectiveTo generate hematocrit percentile charts for schoolchildren aged 6-18 years and determine the prevalence of anemia by socioeconomic status class in southern Brazil.
methodsThis is a cross-sectional study utilizing data collected between 2014 and 2017 from southern Brazil. The study's sample consists of 4802 schoolchildren, aged 6 to 18 years. The percentile charts for sex-specific hematocrit were developed using the LMS (Lambda-Mu-Sigma) method. The simplified economic classification, based on ABEP criteria, was used to group individuals into A + B (high), C (middle), and D + E (low) income classes. Anemia was defined as hematocrit z-score ≤ -1.96 for age and sex.
resultsAmong boys, 58 (2.86%) were anemic, 1955 (94.81%) had normal hematocrit levels, and 48 (2.33%) had high hematocrit. Girls showed a similar pattern, with 73 (2.73%) anemic, 2534 (94.90%) with normal hematocrit, and 63 (2.36%) with high hematocrit. For girls, a higher prevalence of non-anemic hematocrit was observed in class A (39.33%) compared to anemic children (23.28%), with significant standardized residuals. For boys, significant residuals were observed for a higher prevalence of anemic children in the lower socioeconomic class DE (13.79%) compared to non-anemic children (5.18%), and a higher prevalence of non-anemic children in the upper socioeconomic class A (42.63%) compared to anemic children (22.41%).
conclusionThe percentile charts generated from hematocrit levels enabled the comparison of anemia prevalence across socioeconomic status classes. A higher prevalence of anemia was found among boys in lower socioeconomic classes, while girls in higher socioeconomic classes showed a lower prevalence of anemia.
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